First Isolation of New Canine Parvovirus 2a from Tibetan Mastiff and Global Analysis of the Full-Length VP2 Gene of Canine Parvoviruses 2 in China

Abstract

Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) was first identified in 1978, and is responsible for classic parvoviral enteritis. Despite the widespread vaccination of domestic carnivores, CPVs have remained important pathogens of domestic and wild carnivores. In this study, we isolated CPV-2 from Tibetan mastiffs and performed a global analysis of the complete VP2 gene sequences of CPV-2 strains in China. Six isolates were typed as new CPV-2a, according to key amino acid positions. On a phylogenetic tree, these six sequences formed a distinct clade. Five isolates occurred on the same branch as KF785794 from China and GQ379049 from Thailand; CPV-LS-ZA1 formed a separate subgroup with FJ435347 from China. One hundred ninety-eight sequences from various parts of China and the six sequences isolated here formed seven distinct clusters, indicating the high diversity of CPVs in China. Of 204 VP2 sequences, 183 (91.04%) encoded the mutation Ser297Ala, regardless of the antigenic type, implying that most Chinese CPV-2 strains contain the VP2 mutation Ser297Ala. However, the biological significance of this change from prototype CPV-2a/2b to new CPV-2a/2b types remains unclear. This study is the first to isolate new CPV-2a from the Tibetan mastiff. Our data show that new CPV-2a/2b variants are now circulating in China.

Co-Circulation of the Rare CPV-2c with Unique Gln370Arg Substitution, New CPV-2b with Unique Thr440Ala Substitution, and New CPV-2a with High Prevalence and Variation in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China

“…The new CPV-2b (Ser297Ala) variant, accounting for 21.05% of CPV-2 infections, was the second most predominant strain circulating in the Harbin and Daqing districts of Heilongjiang province. In our study, the prevalence of the new CPV-2a is in agreement with most of the reports that were recently conducted in China [8,15,30,34,35], African countries [36], other Asian countries, including Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, and Turkey, and Australia [6,[37][38][39]. However, the prevalence of the new CPV-2b variant reported here in CPV-2-positive samples was higher than those in other reports in China.…”

Occurrence of canine parvovirus in dogs from Henan province of China in 2009–2014

“…CPV-2c was not detected in this study, while the new CPV-2a variant is more prevalent than new CPV-2b variant in Henan province. In this study, the prevalence of new CPV-2a and new CPV-2b is in agreement with most of the reports in other provinces of China [6,8,9,20,29,33,39,40] and other countries [26,[41][42][43][44][45]. The presence of the new CPV-2a and CPV-2b variants in this study suggests that CPV-2 strains circulating in Henan province also exhibit genetic variations.…”

“…CPV infection is responsible for large numbers of animal deaths worldwide and one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in young puppies aged 2-6 months. The infected dogs develops acute gastroenteritis, which is characterized by vomiting, fever, diarrhoea (from mucoid to haemorrhagic), haemorrhagic enteritis, myocarditis and leucopoenia [6,7].…”

Molecular typing of canine parvovirus from Sulaimani, Iraq and phylogenetic analysis using partial VP2 gene

“…The genome encodes two nonstructural proteins (NS 1 and NS 2) and two structural proteins (VP1 and VP2). The VP2 protein is a major capsid protein and plays a role in viral pathogenicity and the host immune response (Chinchkar et al 2006;Zhong et al, 2014). In the present study, we investigated the genetic composition of the VP2 region of the CPV-2 genome using molecular diagnostics (PCR) to understand the evolution of field viruses and their relation to specific viral vaccines.…”

“…CPV-2 is a small, non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA virus (5.2 kb) which is a member of the genus Parvovirus of the family Parvoviridae (Guo et al, 2013;Zhong et al, 2014). The genome encodes two nonstructural proteins (NS 1 and NS 2) and two structural proteins (VP1 and VP2).…”