First isolation and characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Turkey

Güner, Ece S.; Hashimoto, Naoya; Takada, Nobuhiro; Kaneda, Kazuhide; Imai, Yumiko; Masuzawa, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.05205-0

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Güner et al determined 98.8% to 100% similarity with genotypes of Europe (18). Thus, they proved that the antigen used in diagnostic kits imported from Europe may be used in the laboratory diagnosis of Lyme disease in Turkey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalencein the province of Bolu, Turkey*

Bucak¹,

Koçoğlu²,

Taş³

et al. 2016

Turk J Med Sci

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disease is a multisystemic disease caused by Borrelia species, and it is transmitted to humans by ticks of the species Ixodes. There are three genotypes of the Lyme disease agent: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii. They are grouped together under the name B. burgdorferi sensu lato (1). The causative agent of Lyme disease, B. burgdorferi, was isolated in 1982 (2). Lyme disease is evident in three stages. The first stage includes erythema migrans (EM) and needs no serological testing. Diagnosis becomes more difficult in the second and third stages. In such cases, two-step diagnosis is necessary. The first step is based on an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, and positive results should be confirmed by Western blot (WB) (3). Cross-reactions have been found between antibodies to syphilis, leptospirosis, relapsing fever, varicella, infectious mononucleosis, and some autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis), and ELISA tests may provide false positive results so the results should be confirmed by WB (4). This disease is a common tick-borne zoonosis in European countries and the United States. In Turkey, the first cases were reported in 1990 in the Black Sea and Aegean regions (1). Because Lyme disease is not a compulsory notification disease in Turkey and due to confusion with clinical signs of other diseases, the exact prevalence is not known.In the present study, the aim was to determine the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the city center and the province of Bolu, Turkey.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalencein the province of Bolu, Turkey*

Bucak¹,

Koçoğlu²,

Taş³

et al. 2016

Turk J Med Sci

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“…At the same location, a case of Lyme borreliosis was reported in a forestry worker in 2001. First, B. lusitaniae isolates collected from ticks in Europe showed no significant diversity (Barral et al 2002;Gern et al 1999;Guner et al 2003;Jouda et al 2003Jouda et al , 2004aLe Fleche et al 1997;Richter et al 2003), but subsequent studies seem to highlight a higher heterogeneity (De Michelis et al 2000;Richter and Matuschka 2006). To date, knowledge on genetic diversity of B. lusitaniae is still poor and mostly focused on the rrf (5S)-rrl (23S) intergenic spacer region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borrelia lusitaniae OspA Gene Heterogeneity in Mediterranean Basin Area

Grego

Bertolotti

Peletto³

et al. 2007

J Mol Evol

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In this study, Borrelia lusitaniae DNA extracted from ticks and lizards was used to amplify the outer surface protein A (OspA) gene in order to increase knowledge about sequence variability in the Mediterranean basin area, to better understand how Borrelia lusitaniae has evolved and how its distribution has expanded. Phylogenetic trees including Italian and reference sequences showed a clear separation of B. lusitaniae OspA strains in two different major clades. North African isolates form a clade with Portuguese POTIB strains, whereas Italian samples are grouped with German strains and a human Portuguese strain. This subdivision was supported by very high posterior probability values in the trees, by both analysis of molecular variance and selective pressure. These results, based on phylogenetic information contained in the OspA gene sequences, show the presence of two different B. lusitaniae strains circulating in the Mediterranean basin area, suggesting two different evolution paths.

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“…Only sporadic isolates have been characterized from ticks collected in the Czech Republic, Moldavia, Ukraine, and Belarus (20), in Slovakia (11), in Spain (3), in Poland (25), in France (30), in Switzerland (15)(16)(17), or in Turkey (13), and these isolates did not show any significant diversity. However, a study conducted in Portugal revealed a large diversity among B. lusitaniae strains isolated from a local tick population (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Borrelia lusitaniae Isolates Collected in Tunisia and Morocco

et al. 2005

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Borrelia lusitaniae is a species within the complex Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and is infrequently isolated in Europe. In contrast, this species is by far the most predominant in North Africa and in Portugal. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity, at several loci, of a large population of isolates from free-living Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Tunisia and Morocco. We found a moderate diversity of the whole genome by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as well as in the ospA gene sequences, compared to a high level of strain homogeneity in the small noncoding ribosomal spacer. In contrast, a high diversity of this locus has been previously reported for Portuguese isolates. We hypothesize that B. lusitaniae strains isolated in North Africa constitute a clone of Portuguese origin.Within the complex Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, three species, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii, are known to cause a broad spectrum of human manifestations that are described as Lyme borreliosis. The genetic diversity of pathogenic species has been largely investigated both at the species level and at the strain level within each species (41). Otherwise, although its pathogenicity for humans is only suspected (31, 33), Borrelia valaisiana represents a widely distributed species in ticks throughout Europe and Asia and therefore has been extensively studied (12,22,32,38,40).In contrast to these species, little data are available concerning Borrelia lusitaniae. Only sporadic isolates have been characterized from ticks collected in the Czech Republic, Moldavia, Ukraine, and Belarus (20), in Slovakia (11), in Spain (3), in Poland (25), in France (30), in Switzerland (15-17), or in Turkey (13), and these isolates did not show any significant diversity. However, a study conducted in Portugal revealed a large diversity among B. lusitaniae strains isolated from a local tick population (6). Moreover, it is noteworthy that, among the three first Portuguese isolates identified as B. lusitaniae, two different types were demonstrated (20,26). Hence, these studies suggested a higher diversity among B. lusitaniae around the Mediterranean basin. However, all these studies only focused on the small ribosomal rrf-rrl spacer and, therefore, the global diversity of this species remained unknown.Recently, we reported that B. lusitaniae was, by far, the most prevalent species, ranging from 96.6 to 100% of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato species identified in Tunisia and Morocco (35,44,46). The report of some Lyme borreliosis cases in North Africa (1, 27) and the recent isolation in Portugal of B.lusitaniae from the skin of a human patient with chronic lesions (5) prompted us to characterize this species as a potential human pathogen. Therefore, we investigated the molecular characterization and the genetic diversity of B. lusitaniae isolated from free-living Ixodes ricinus ticks in Tunisia and Morocco. For these purposes we studied two single loci (ospC and ospA) and the noncoding intergenic spacer (r...

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First isolation and characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Turkey

Cited by 69 publications

References 45 publications

Evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalencein the province of Bolu, Turkey*

Evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalencein the province of Bolu, Turkey*

Borrelia lusitaniae OspA Gene Heterogeneity in Mediterranean Basin Area

Characterization of Borrelia lusitaniae Isolates Collected in Tunisia and Morocco

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