First genome edited poinsettias: targeted mutagenesis of flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase using CRISPR/Cas9 results in a colour shift

Nitarska, Daria; Boehm, Robert; Debener, Thomas; Lucaciu, Rares Calin; Halbwirth, Heidi

doi:10.1007/s11240-021-02103-5

Cited by 33 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the reports in Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis; He et al, 2020a , b , Park et al, 2021 ), O. sativa ( Shih et al, 2008 ), and Paeonia suffruticosa ( Shih et al, 2006 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Nitarska et al, 2021 ). In our experiments, FtF3′H1 increased the accumulation of anthocyanin, which may due to the higher expression abundance of FtF3′H1 than FtFLS s or FtF3′H1 has a stronger substrate preference for anthocyanin branch.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tartary buckwheat FtF3′H1 as a metabolic branch switch to increase anthocyanin content in transgenic plant

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Tartary buckwheat (TB) is a pseudocereal rich in flavonoids, mainly including flavonols and anthocyanins. The flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) is a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis and is encoded by two copies in TB genome. However, its biological function and effects on flavonol and anthocyanin synthesis in TB have not been well validated yet. In this study, we cloned the full-length FtF3′H1 gene highly expressed in all tissues (compared with FtF3′H2) according to TB flowering transcriptome data. The corresponding FtF3′H1 protein contains 534 amino acids with the molecular properties of the typical plant F3′H and belongs to the CYP75B family. During the flowering stage, the FtF3′H1 expression was highest in flowers, and its expression pattern showed a significant and positive correlation with the total flavonoids (R2 > 0.95). The overexpression of FtF3′H1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana tabacum and TB hairy roots resulted in a significant increase in anthocyanin contents (p < 0.05) but a decrease in rutin (p < 0.05). The average anthocyanin contents were 2.94 mg/g (fresh weight, FW) in A. thaliana (about 135% increase), 1.18 mg/g (FW) in tobacco (about 17% increase), and 1.56 mg/g (FW) TB hairy roots (about 44% increase), and the rutin contents were dropped to about 53.85, 14.99, 46.31%, respectively. However, the expression of genes involved in anthocyanin (DFRs and ANSs) and flavonol (FLSs) synthesis pathways were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05). In particular, the expression level of DFR, a key enzyme that enters the anthocyanin branch, was upregulated thousand-fold in A. thaliana and in N. tabacum. These results might be attributed to FtF3′H1 protein with a higher substrate preference for anthocyanin synthesis substrates. Altogether, we identified the basic biochemical activity of FtF3′H1 in vivo and investigated its involvement in anthocyanin and flavonol metabolism in plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tartary buckwheat FtF3′H1 as a metabolic branch switch to increase anthocyanin content in transgenic plant

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The disappearance of the vein-associated anthocyanin pattern above the abaxial surface of the flower bud was produced by the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation at DPL , but not corolla tube venation, suggesting that DPL had no influence over corolla tube venation development. Nitarska et al [ 130 ] utilized the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase ( F3'H ) from red blooming poinsettias ( Euphorbia pulcherrima ) cultivar ‘Christmas Eve,’ expecting plants with orange bracts and strong pelargonidin accumulation. The enzyme F3'H is required for the synthesis of cyanidin-type anthocyanins, which give poinsettia bracts their red color.…”

Section: Applications Of Crispr/cas9 System In Floriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9 System: A Potential Tool for Genetic Improvement in Floricultural Crops

et al. 2022

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Demand of flowers is increasing with time worldwide. Floriculture has become one of the most important commercial trades in agriculture. Although traditional breeding methods like hybridization and mutation breeding have contributed significantly to the development of important flower varieties, flower production and quality of flowers can be significantly improved by employing modern breeding approaches. Novel traits of significance have interest to consumers and producers, such as fragrance, new floral color, change in floral architecture and morphology, vase life, aroma, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, have been introduced by genetic manipulation. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system has recently emerged as a powerful genome-editing tool for accurately changing DNA sequences at specific locations. It provides excellent means of genetically improving floricultural crops. CRISPR/Cas system has been utilized in gene editing in horticultural cops. There are few reports on the utilization of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in flowers. The current review summarizes the research work done by employing the CRISPR/Cas9 system in floricultural crops including improvement in flowering traits such as color modification, prolonging the shelf life of flowers, flower initiation, and development, changes in color of ornamental foliage by genome editing. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing could be useful in developing novel cultivars with higher fragrance and enhanced essential oil and many other useful traits. The present review also highlights the basic mechanism and key components involved in the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

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“…For this aim, it is necessary to have in vitro plant regeneration and transformation protocols to manipulate the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in E . pulcherrima ; fortunately, different authors have reported on these issues ( Geier et al., 1992 ; Clarke et al., 2008 ; Islam et al., 2013 ; Danial and Ibrahim, 2016 );, and even on the possibility of genome editing ( Nitarska et al., 2021 ). Some possibilities and difficulties or limitations to accomplish this goal are discussed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanin metabolic engineering of Euphorbia pulcherrima: advances and perspectives

Lozoya-Gloria,

Cuéllar-González,

Ochoa-Alejo

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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The range of floral colors is determined by the type of plant pigment accumulated by the plant. Anthocyanins are the most common flavonoid pigments in angiosperms; they provide a wide range of visible colors from red-magenta to blue-purple, products of cyanidin and delphinidin biosynthesis, respectively. For the floriculture industry, floral color is one of the most important ornamental characteristics for the development of new commercial varieties; however, most plant species are restricted to a certain color spectrum, limited by their own genetics. In fact, many ornamental crops lack bluish varieties due to the lack of activity of essential biosynthetic enzymes for the accumulation of delphinidin. An example is the poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch), the ornamental plant symbol of Christmas and native to Mexico. Its popularity is the result of the variety of colors displayed by its bracts, a kind of modified leaves that accumulate reddish pigments based mainly on cyanidin and, to a lesser extent, on pelargonidin. The commercial success of this plant lies in the development of new varieties and, although consumers like the typical red color, they are also looking for poinsettias with new and innovative colors. Previous research has demonstrated the possibility of manipulating flower color through metabolic engineering of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway and plant tissue culture in different ornamental plant species. For example, transgenic cultivars of flowers such as roses, carnations or chrysanthemums owe their attractive bluish colors to a high and exclusive accumulation of delphinidin. Here, we discuss the possibilities of genetic engineering of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in E. pulcherrima through the introduction of one or more foreign delphinidin biosynthetic genes under the transcriptional control of a pathway-specific promoter, and the genome editing possibilities as an alternative tool to modify the color of the bracts. In addition, some other approaches such as the appropriate selection of the cultivars that presented the most suitable intracellular conditions to accumulate delphinidin, as well as the incorporation of genes encoding anthocyanin-modifying enzymes or transcription factors to favor the bluish pigmentation of the flowers are also revised.

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First genome edited poinsettias: targeted mutagenesis of flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase using CRISPR/Cas9 results in a colour shift

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

Tartary buckwheat FtF3′H1 as a metabolic branch switch to increase anthocyanin content in transgenic plant

Tartary buckwheat FtF3′H1 as a metabolic branch switch to increase anthocyanin content in transgenic plant

CRISPR/Cas9 System: A Potential Tool for Genetic Improvement in Floricultural Crops

Anthocyanin metabolic engineering of Euphorbia pulcherrima: advances and perspectives

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