First Flush Concepts for Suspended and Dissolved Solids in Small Impervious Watersheds

Sansalone, John J.; Cristina, Chad M.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2004)130:11(1301)

Cited by 186 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this regard, Sansalone et al [21] showed that annual loads of TSS and COD transported in stormwater runoff from interstate and arterial roadways were approximately equivalent to that from untreat-ed domestic wastewater generated by the population in the same urban area. Sansalone and Chad [22] measured high concentrations of suspended solids in runoff from small impervious watersheds, even higher than that measured here. In the subsequent events, input concentrations were noticeably lower, indicating that sediment on the roadway had already been washed off.…”

Section: Figure 6 Results Of Quality Variables For Monitored Rainfalmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…More evolution than revolution: transition management in public policy. Foresight,3,1,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Research Policy, 41, 6, 1025-1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.12.012 Terzakis, S., Fountoulakis, M.S., Georgaki, D., Albantakis, D., Sabathianakis, I., Karathanasis, A.D., Kalogerakis, N., Manios, T., 2008.…”

Section: Future Research Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city.

Momparler¹,

Sara²

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A regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city. "Don't go through life, grow through life" Eric ButterworthA regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI would like to dedicate this thesis to my husband, Iñaki, for his unconditional support, at home and abroad.I am grateful to my thesis directors, Dr. Joaquín Andreu and Dr. Ignacio Andrés, for their guidance throughout the process. My special thanks to the latter, for all the fun moments we have enjoyed in between the hard work.A special mention of professor Chris Jefferies, to whom I am thankful for the orientation he has provided all along my career, both at the academic and the professional levels. Thanks also to Dr. Sue Charlesworth, for all that I learned during my stay at Coventry University.A warm gratitude to Susan Dodson, for her friendship and the time she has dedicated to improving the English grammar of my publications.And a special thanks to my parents, Carmen and Antonio; to my "new" parents, Maria and Roberto; and to Amparo, for transmitting their energy and believing in me.Last, but not least, a special mention to my offspring Pablo and Ana, who are happily accompanying me in the last part of this project.A regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city. ABSTRACTUnder the well-known slogan 'think global, act local', cities in the 21 st century face the enormous challenge of catalyzing, intensifying and accelerating sustainable urban transformations. Without losing a holistic view, the methodology presented in this thesis places the focus on 'resource management and climate mitigation and adaptation', in particular in urban stormwater management, proposing processes that can bring about the required change, shaped by the place-based approach of the regenerative sustainability paradigm.Building upon literature and practice that supports a flexible approach to stormwater management in urban environments that mimic natural processes and predevelopment hydrology (Sustainable Drainage Systems, SuDS) as one way to, amongst others, help to prevent and adapt to climate change, the thesis highlights the relevance of the connection to the place for adoption of best practices that conduct towards a regenerative system. Hence, it incorporates this connection to the place to the SuDS representation, naming it the SuDS 'landed rocket'.The proposed methodology includes a conceptual framework, specific method and tools, that allows for the understanding and the characterization of the current situation of a urban stormwater system in a process that guides future actions to move towards the desired regenerative urban built environment concept, with a place-based holistic view.This methodology has been applied to Benaguasil, a Mediterranean city, where stormwater ma...

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Section: Figure 6 Results Of Quality Variables For Monitored Rainfalmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Future Research Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city.

Momparler¹,

Sara²

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“…In this study, such preceding increases also were observed for the rural-agricultural catchment in the hilly area of the upper Yangtze River. The phenomenon that the preceding increase in the nutrient concentrations and peak distribution of loads in the initial peri- od of an event was called "first flush" was proposed by Vorreiter and Hickey [17] first, which provided important information for defining the crucial time at which the nutrients are transported [3][4][5]. In this study, a significantly concentrated transport regime was found for TN, TP, PN, AN, and PP in the typical rural-agricultural catchment, especially in medium and heavy events.…”

Section: Temporal Variation Of N P Concentrations At Single Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first flush phenomenon is frequently observed in the runoff of small, highly impervious areas, such as highways and parking lots [1,3,4]. However, relatively rare detailed research has been performed for rural-agricultural catchment with complex characteristics of both impervious and pervious land surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To gain such understanding with respect to pollutant loading during rainfall events, the first flush of contaminants as an important practical phenomenon has been identified in previous urban runoff studies [3,4], which suggested that a greater fraction of pollutant loading was contained in the initial part of the runoff volume. In practice, if a large portion of pollutant mass was delivered by the first portion of runoff, effective BMPs could be selected to treat the initial part of runoff (minimizing the amount of water, which has to be stored or diverted, and maximizing the mass of nutrients and pollutants not entering the downstream water body).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of First Flushes in a Small Rural-Agricultural Catchment

Xiao-lin

Hua

et al. 2015

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The control of diffuse pollution requires information on the transport processes of those pollutants within a catchment. The characteristics of diffuse nitrogen and phosphorus discharged from a typical rural-agricultural catchment dominated by residential areas, sloping cropland, and forest land were monitored in the hilly area of the upper Yangtze River, China, and analyzed based on a total of eight rainfall-event runoff from August 2010 to September 2011. The results showed that the average of event mean concentrations (EMCs) of TN, DN, PN, TP, DP, and PP were 4.94, 3.18, 1.76, 1.11, 0.19, and 0.92 mg/L, respectively. The high EMCs demonstrated diffuse pollution of rural-agricultural catchment posing great pressure on receiving water. The first flush phenomenon for nitrogen and phosphorus was identified in rural-agricultural catchment, especially for the medium and heavy rainfall events, and a total of 36%, 44%, 46%, and 51% of the mass for TN, PN, TP, and PP, respectively, were discharged in the first 25% of the runoff. The first flush phenomenon suggested more attention should be paid on the management of the initial part of runoff in order to improve the efficiency of diffuse pollution control at catchment scale.

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Adaptive measurements of urban runoff quality

Wong

Kerkez

2016

Water Resources Research

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An approach to adaptively measure runoff water quality dynamics is introduced, focusing specifically on characterizing the timing and magnitude of urban pollutographs. Rather than relying on a static schedule or flow-weighted sampling, which can miss important water quality dynamics if parameterized inadequately, novel Internet-enabled sensor nodes are used to autonomously adapt their measurement frequency to real-time weather forecasts and hydrologic conditions. This dynamic approach has the potential to significantly improve the use of constrained experimental resources, such as automated grab samplers, which continue to provide a strong alternative to sampling water quality dynamics when in situ sensors are not available. Compared to conventional flow-weighted or time-weighted sampling schemes, which rely on preset thresholds, a major benefit of the approach is the ability to dynamically adapt to features of an underlying hydrologic signal. A 28 km 2 urban watershed was studied to characterize concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus. Water quality samples were autonomously triggered in response to features in the underlying hydrograph and real-time weather forecasts. The study watershed did not exhibit a strong first flush and intraevent concentration variability was driven by flow acceleration, wherein the largest loadings of TSS and total phosphorus corresponded with the steepest rising limbs of the storm hydrograph. The scalability of the proposed method is discussed in the context of larger sensor network deployments, as well the potential to improving control of urban water quality.

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First Flush Concepts for Suspended and Dissolved Solids in Small Impervious Watersheds

Cited by 186 publications

References 22 publications

A regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city.

A regenerative urban stormwater management methodology. The role of SuDS construction and monitoring in the transition of a Mediterranean city.

Investigation of First Flushes in a Small Rural-Agricultural Catchment

Adaptive measurements of urban runoff quality

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