First Evidence of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Virus Circulation in Algeria (Sahrawi Territories): Outbreak Investigation and Virus Lineage Identification

Nardi, Marco De; Saleh, Sofyan M.; Batten, Carrie; Oura, C.A.L.; Nardo, Antonello Di; Rossi, Davide

doi:10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01260.x

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…PPR viruses belonging to lineages I and II have been isolated exclusively from west and central African countries including the Ivory Coast, where the PPR virus was first detected in the 1940s (Chard et al, 2008;Luka et al, 2011;Munir et al, 2012b). Lineage III has been isolated from eastern Africa and the Arabian peninsula (Shaila et al, 1996;Kwiatek et al, 2011); lineage IV has been isolated in Asia (Kwiatek et al, 2007;Kerur et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2009;Balamurugan et al, 2010;Munir et al, 2012a;Anees et al, 2013), in the Middle East (Esmaelizad et al, 2011), and more recently in northern Africa (Sanz-Alvarez et al, 2008;Kwiatek et al, 2011;De Nardi et al, 2012 locations 5737-5761 and 6184-6160, respectively (Özkul et al, 2002). The RT-PCR reaction was performed with a 1-step RT-PCR kit (QIAGEN) in a final volume of 20 µL, which contained 4 µL of 5X 1-step RT-PCR buffer, 0.4 µM of each primer, 0.8 µL of 10 mM of each dNTP, 0.8 µL enzyme mix, 4 µL of 5X Q solution, 7 µL of PCR-grade water, and 2.6 µL of sample RNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Guler¹,

Şevik²,

Hasöksüz³

2014

Turk J Biol

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important viral disease of sheep and goats and is endemic in all regions of Turkey. In this study, PPR virus infection was investigated by RT-PCR assay based on the fusion (F) gene in PPR-suspected sheep and goat samples. PPR virus RNA was detected in 65 small ruminants (51 sheep, 14 goats) from independent outbreaks during [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012] in provinces in the central and Mediterranean regions and the central-west part of the Aegean region in Turkey. The virus was detected in an aborted sheep fetus sample by RT-PCR, and diagnosis was also confirmed by virus isolation. Vaccine strain Nigeria 75/1 was differentiated from field isolates by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of RT-PCR products using EcoRI. Phylogenetic analysis of 16 viruses indicated that all viruses, including the one from the aborted sheep fetus, belonged to lineage IV, as had the PPR viruses previously isolated in Turkey. Nucleotide sequence identity among 16 viruses was 99.1%-100%. Results showed that PPR virus lineage IV has been in circulation in Turkey since the first detection of the disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Guler¹,

Şevik²,

Hasöksüz³

2014

Turk J Biol

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“…On the other hand, retrospective surveys on a Moroccan serological bank could not detect PPRV antibodies in small ruminant sera collected before 2008 (Ettair, 2012). The results of the molecular studies in each country show that the lineage IV of PPRV is circulating throughout the sub-region (Abd et al, 2010;De Nardi et al, 2012;Sghaier et al, 2014;Kardjadj et al, 2015a) except Mauritania, where El Arbi et al (2014) reported the presence of the lineage II, therefore, highlighting the existence of a second lineage circulating in North Africa.…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology Of Ppr In Algeriamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In 2011, PPR was reported in Sahrawi refugee camps in Tindouf district, at the south western border of Algeria with Western Sahara, Mauritania, and Morocco and the sequence analysis clustered the circulating virus under lineage IV of PPRV (De Nardi et al, 2012). A year later, Kardjadj et al (2015a) described the first serological and molecular typing of the PPRV strain implicated in an outbreak in Ghardaïa district, in the center of Algeria.…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology Of Ppr In Algeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of foot and mouth disease, bluetongue and pest de petites ruminants in Algeria: Historical perspective, diagnosis and control

Kardjadj¹,

Luka²

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Molecular tools have become an increasingly important part of studying the epidemiology of infectious agents. These tools have allowed the aetiological agent within a population to be diagnosed rapidly with a greater degree of efficiency and accuracy than conventional diagnostic tools. They have enhanced understanding into the pathogenicity and virulence of the aetiological agent and subsequent deployment of appropriate control strategies. This paper reviews the contribution of molecular epidemiology to the diagnosis and control of some animal diseases such as foot and mouth disease (FMD), buetongue and peste des petites ruminants (PPR) in Algeria. Molecular epidemiology has helped in the characterization of FMDV type O circulating in Algerian cattle in 1999 and in 2014; in 1999, the sequencing analysis showed that the Algerian viruses belong to the West-African topotype with 99% similarity to a strain isolated in Côte d'Ivoire. In 2014, the virus was identified as 0/ME/SA/Ind-2001d lineage which was 99.69% identical to the field strains isolated from earlier Tunisian outbreaks. In a related development, two episodes of bluetongue outbreaks were reported in Algeria; the first with serotype II in 2000 that showed no significant difference with the Tunisian strain reported two months earlier and the second episode involving serotype I epidemiologically linked to South Africa (with 94.3% not similarity) indicating an origin from sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular techniques have also described the PPRV strain implicated in an outbreak in Ghardaïa district, in the centre of Algeria. The strain clustered with lineage IV of PPRV and shared 97 to 99% similarity with the strain implicated in neighboring Morocco and Tunisia.

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“…In 2011, PPR was reported in Sahrawi refugee camps in Tindouf district, at the southwestern border of Algeria with Western Sahara, Mauritania, and Morocco and the sequenced analysis clustered the circulating virus under lineage IV of PPRV (De Nardi et al 2011). However, the epidemiology of PPRV in Algeria is not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

First serological and molecular evidence of PPRV occurrence in Ghardaïa district, center of Algeria

Kardjadj

Ben-Mahdi

Luka

2015

Trop Anim Health Prod

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In February 2012, an outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) was suspected in Ghardaïa district at the center of Algeria. Clinical, serological, and molecular investigations were performed to confirm the occurrence of PPRV. The overall morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rates of the ten flocks investigated were 12.2, 2.5, and 20.3 %, respectively. At the flock level, positivity to PPR was 100, 90, and 100 % by competitive ELISA (c-ELISA), RT-PCR of blood samples, and oculo-nasal swabs, respectively. At the individual levels, the present study showed that out of 186 samples collected from the same animals 17/62 (27.41 %), 14/62 (22.85 %), and 36/62 (58.06 %) were positive by c-ELISA, RT-PCR of blood samples, and RT PCR of oculo-nasal swabs, respectively. The positivity of PPR was significantly higher using RT-PCR of oculo-nasal swabs than c-ELISA and RT-PCR of blood samples. The N gene partial sequence of five PPRV-positive amplicons revealed 100 % homology among them and phylogenetically belonged to lineage IV. The sequences also showed similarity range of 97-99 % with the strains implicated in the Moroccan and Tunisian outbreaks, however, suggesting that a similar strain is circulating across this area of the Maghreb and highlighting the need for a regional control approach.

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First Evidence of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Virus Circulation in Algeria (Sahrawi Territories): Outbreak Investigation and Virus Lineage Identification

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Molecular epidemiology of foot and mouth disease, bluetongue and pest de petites ruminants in Algeria: Historical perspective, diagnosis and control

First serological and molecular evidence of PPRV occurrence in Ghardaïa district, center of Algeria

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