First evidence of local circulation of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and reliability of a malaria rapid diagnostic test among symptomatic outpatients in Douala, Cameroon

Foko, Loick Pradel Kojom; Motse, Francine Dorgelesse Kouemo; Mawabo, Lugarde Kamgain; Pande, Veena; Singh, Vineeta

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104797

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…This study is the first to confirm clearly the presence of P. ovale subspecies in Cameroon. Current published and available data on these two subspecies in Cameroon come from a recent study on local infection [ 31 ] and imported malaria [ 58 – 60 ]. Zhou and colleagues outlined that prevalence of these subspecies is underestimated in sSA [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…malariae (7.41%), P. knowlesi (NI) [ 28 ] Pitoa (N), Mayo-Oulo (N) Nov 2014 Children (6 mos–10 yrs) P. falciparum (86.6%), P. vivax (0%), P. ovale (0%), P. malariae (8.4%), P. falciparum/P. malariae (5%), P. knowlesi (NI) [ 29 ] Dschang (W) NA Children and adults & P. vivax (35.4%) [ 30 ] Douala (LIT) Aug–Sep 2018 Children and adults P. ovale curtisi (five samples were PCR P. ovale curtisi positive/RDT negative) [ 31 ] † Tibati (ADA) June–July 2015 Children and adults In health centers [ P. falciparum (98.8%), P. malariae (0.6%), P. ovale (0.6%), P. vivax (0%), P. knowlesi (NI), Co-infections (0%)]; In community [ P. falciparum (76.4%), P. malariae (6.8%), P. ovale (0.2%), P. vivax (0%), P. knowlesi (NI), Co-infections (16.6%)] [ 32 ] ‡ Tibati (ADA) and Mfou (CEN) July–August 2019 (Tibati) June–July 2018 (Mfou) Children and adults Tibati: P. falciparum (98.0%), P. malariae (0%), P. vivax (0%), P. ovale (1.5%), P. falciparum/P. ovale (0.5%), P. knowlesi (NI) Mfou: P. falciparum (95.8%), P. malariae (1.9%), P. vivax (0%), P. ovale (0%), P. falciparum/P.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-falciparum species and submicroscopic infections in three epidemiological malaria facets in Cameroon

et al. 2022

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Background There are growing reports on the prevalence of non-falciparum species and submicroscopic infections in sub-Saharan African countries but little information is available from Cameroon. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in four towns (Douala, Maroua, Mayo-Oulo, and Pette) from three malaria epidemiological strata (Forest, Sahelian, and Soudanian) of Cameroon. Malaria parasites were detected by Giemsa light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Non-falciparum isolates were characterized and their 18S gene sequences were BLASTed for confirmatory diagnosis. Results PCR assay detected malaria parasites in 82.4% (98/119) patients, among them 12.2% (12/98) were asymptomatic cases. Three Plasmodium species viz. P.falciparum, P.ovalecurtisi and P.vivax, and two co-infection types (P.falciparum + P.vivax and P.falciparum + P.ovalecurtisi) were found. The remaining infections were mono–infections with either P.falciparum or P.ovalecurtisi. All non–falciparum infections were symptomatic and microscopic. The overall proportion of submicroscopic infections was 11.8% (14/119). Most asymptomatic and submicroscopic infection cases were self-medicated with antimalarial drugs and/or medicinal plants. On analysis, P.ovalecurtisi sequences were found to be phylogenetically closer to sequences from India while P.vivax isolates appeared closer to those from Nigeria, India, and Cameroon. No G6PD-d case was found among non-falciparum infections. Conclusions This study confirms our previous work on circulation of P.vivax and P.ovalecurtisi and the absence of P.knowlesi in Cameroon. More studies are needed to address non-falciparum malaria along with submicroscopic infections for effective malaria management and control in Cameroon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-falciparum species and submicroscopic infections in three epidemiological malaria facets in Cameroon

et al. 2022

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“…FJ409571 Duval et al 2009 [ 163 ] P. ovale wallikeri Sequence Incardona et al 2005 [ 169 ] Cameroon P. ovale curtisi Sequence Imported to Singapore; GenBank: e.g. KP050401 Chavatte et al 2015 [ 170 ] P. ovale curtisi Sequence Kojom Foko et al 2021 [ 171 ] P. ovale wallikeri Sequence GenBank: e.g. FJ409566 Duval et al 2009 [ 56 ] Central African Republic P. ovale curtisi Sequence Various GenBank: e.g.…”

Section: Plasmodium Ovale Curtisi and Plasmodium O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The primate malaria parasites Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium brasilianum and Plasmodium ovale spp.: genomic insights into distribution, dispersal and host transitions

Fuehrer

Campino

Sutherland

2022

Malar J

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During the twentieth century, there was an explosion in understanding of the malaria parasites infecting humans and wild primates. This was built on three main data sources: from detailed descriptive morphology, from observational histories of induced infections in captive primates, syphilis patients, prison inmates and volunteers, and from clinical and epidemiological studies in the field. All three were wholly dependent on parasitological information from blood-film microscopy, and The Primate Malarias” by Coatney and colleagues (1971) provides an overview of this knowledge available at that time. Here, 50 years on, a perspective from the third decade of the twenty-first century is presented on two pairs of primate malaria parasite species. Included is a near-exhaustive summary of the recent and current geographical distribution for each of these four species, and of the underlying molecular and genomic evidence for each. The important role of host transitions in the radiation of Plasmodium spp. is discussed, as are any implications for the desired elimination of all malaria species in human populations. Two important questions are posed, requiring further work on these often ignored taxa. Is Plasmodium brasilianum, circulating among wild simian hosts in the Americas, a distinct species from Plasmodium malariae? Can new insights into the genomic differences between Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri be linked to any important differences in parasite morphology, cell biology or clinical and epidemiological features?

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“…The epidemiology of non- Pf / Pv species is largely understudied especially in sSA [ 7 , 8 ], with few reports highlighting the presence of P. ovale spp ( Po ) and P. malariae ( Pm ) in a Tanzanian area where concomitant decline in Pf transmission was observed, thereby suggesting a possible shift from Pf to non- Pf malaria in this area [ 9 ]. Also, other non- Pf / Pv species such as P. cynomolgi ( Pcy ) could be a future public health problem as the case with P. knowlesi ( Pk ) parasites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodium cynomolgi in humans: current knowledge and future directions of an emerging zoonotic malaria parasite

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Plasmodium cynomolgi ( Pcy ), a simian malaria parasite, is a recent perfect example of emerging zoonotic transfer in human. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology of natural Pcy infections in humans, mosquitoes and monkeys, along with its biological, clinical and drug sensitivity patterns. Knowledge gaps and further studies on Pcy in humans are also discussed. This parasite currently seems to be geographically limited in South-East Asia (SEA) with a global prevalence in human ranging from 0 to 1.4%. The Pcy infections were reported in local SEA populations and European travelers, and range from asymptomatic carriage to mild/moderate attacks with no evidence of pathognomonic clinical and laboratory patterns but with Pcy strain-shaped clinical differences. Geographical distribution and competence of suitable mosquito vectors and non-primate hosts, globalization, climate change, and increased intrusion of humans into the habitat of monkeys are key determinants to emergence of Pcy parasites in humans, along with its expansion outside SEA. Sensitization/information campaigns coupled with training and assessment sessions of microscopists and clinicians on Pcy are greatly needed to improve data on the epidemiology and management of human Pcy infection. There is a need for development of sensitive and specific molecular tools for individual diagnosis and epidemiological studies. The development of safe and efficient anti-hypnozoite drugs is the main therapeutic challenge for controlling human relapsing malaria parasites. Experience gained from P. knowlesi malaria, development of integrated measures and strategies—ideally with components related to human, monkeys, mosquito vectors, and environment—could be very helpful to prevent emergence of Pcy malaria in humans through disruption of transmission chain from monkeys to humans and ultimately contain its expansion in SEA and potential outbreaks in a context of malaria elimination. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s15010-022-01952-2.

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First evidence of local circulation of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and reliability of a malaria rapid diagnostic test among symptomatic outpatients in Douala, Cameroon

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Non-falciparum species and submicroscopic infections in three epidemiological malaria facets in Cameroon

Non-falciparum species and submicroscopic infections in three epidemiological malaria facets in Cameroon

The primate malaria parasites Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium brasilianum and Plasmodium ovale spp.: genomic insights into distribution, dispersal and host transitions

Plasmodium cynomolgi in humans: current knowledge and future directions of an emerging zoonotic malaria parasite

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