First Evidence of High Knockdown Resistance Frequency in Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Ethiopia

Yewhalaw, Delenasaw; Bortel, Wim Van; Denis, Leen; Coosemans, Marc; Duchateau, Luc; Speybroeck, Niko

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0738

Cited by 65 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similarly, resistance to DDT in An. arabiensis and high frequencies of the L1014F have been reported from southwest Ethiopia (Yewhalaw et al 2010(Yewhalaw et al , 2011. Anopheles arabiensis from central Sudan has been shown to have a high frequency of the L1014F mutation, but also with limited association with the phenotypic expression of DDT and pyrethroid resistance (Abdalla et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Insecticide Resistance inAnopheles arabiensisfrom Ethiopia

Fettene¹,

Olana²,

Christian³

et al. 2013

African Entomology

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The status of insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles arabiensis populations was monitored in northern and southern Ethiopia using one-to three-day-old mosquitoes reared from larval collections. Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes, identified by PCR as An. arabiensis, were exposed to diagnostic concentrations of DDT, malathion, fenitrothion, bendiocarb, propoxur and deltamethrin according to the standard WHO procedure. A heterogeneous and focal distribution of resistance phenotypes was observed in surveyed districts of the country. In Tach Armacho in northern Ethiopia, only resistance to DDT was detected. In the other two northern sites, An. arabiensis populations were susceptible to fenitrothion, resistant to malathion, propoxur and DDT and showed low levels of survival when exposed to bendiocarb requiring further investigations. In three areas of southern Ethiopia, An. arabiensis was susceptible to bendiocarb, propoxur and malathion, with low levels of survival on fenitrothion needing further confirmation. These samples were resistant to DDT and deltamethrin. Analyses for the knockdown resistant (kdr) mutations showed only the L1014F mutation was present with frequencies ranging from 68 to 100 %. The need for routine monitoring and surveillance as part of an insecticide resistance management programme is highlighted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…arabiensis in recent years (Abate & Hadis 2011;Yewhalaw et al 2011). Mechanisms for the resistance have been reported as both target site mutations (kdr) and metabolic enzymes (Matambo et al 2007;Abdalla et al 2008;Balkew et al 2010;Yewhalaw et al 2010;Himeidan et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide Resistance inAnopheles arabiensisfrom Ethiopia

Fettene¹,

Olana²,

Christian³

et al. 2013

African Entomology

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“…In Ethiopia, the control of malaria relies on vector control by IRS and large-scale distribution of LLINs [4]. However, malaria vectors, including Anopheles arabiensis,have been developing resistance to insecticides in many areas, including Ethiopia [2,3,[5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient attractants and simple odor-baited sticky trap for surveillance of Anopheles arabiensis Patton mosquito in Ethiopia

Hawaria¹,

Santiago

Yewhalaw

2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Many efforts have been made to ease the burden of malaria through vector control, among whichis the development of odorbaited traps and evaluation of efficient attractants that could replace host odor. However, most traps and evaluated attractants are expensive, which poor communities cannot afford. This study was conductedwith the aim to devise asimple and affordable odor-baited trap and to investigate effective but affordable attractants for trapping Anopheles arabiensis. Methodology: First, an odor-baited sticky trap was developed; next, an experimental study with randomized design was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of selected attractants for trapping Anopheles arabiensis using the designed trap from June to August 2014. Laboratory strain Anopheles arabiensis were obtainedfrom the Adama Malaria Research and Training Center Insectary. Wild Anopheline mosquito larvae were collected from a temporary breeding site, reared in Asendabo Vector Biology Laboratory, and tested. Results: A simple odor-baited sticky trap was designed. Selected attractants were tested for attracting efficiency using the designed trap. Among the evaluated attractants, cow urine, which was kept for four days, attracted significantly more wild population and laboratory strains of the Anopheles arabiensisthan a worn sock alone and the combination of cow urine and a worn sock. Conclusions: Although further comparison studies with other standard traps are needed, the designed trap in conjunction with efficient attractant is shown to be effective for mosquito surveillance. Of the tested attractants, cow urine was anefficient attractant both for the wild population and the laboratory strain of Anohpeles arabiensis.

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“…gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes as far east as Uganda and Ethiopia and conversely, the L1014S allele has been detected throughout west and central Africa. 7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] As reliance on pyrethroids and DDT for vector control operations has increased, kdr allele frequencies have risen across Africa, often to high levels. For example, Stump and others reported significant increases in kdr allele frequencies among An.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%