First Evidence of a Hybrid of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis/L. (V.) peruviana DNA Detected from the Phlebotomine Sand Fly Lutzomyia tejadai in Peru

Kato, Hirotomo; Cáceres, Abraham G.; Hashiguchi, Yoshihisa

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004336

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…When the status of the copies (potentially encoding, likely degenerate, absent or inconclusive) was summarized on the topology of the trypanosomatid species tree [based on previous studies [1,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]) ( Fig. 1), we could observe a patchy distribution of elements among species.…”

Section: Viper and Tate Present A Discontinuous Distribution In Trypamentioning

confidence: 98%

Study of VIPER and TATE in kinetoplastids and the evolution of tyrosine recombinase retrotransposons

et al. 2019

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Background Kinetoplastids are a flagellated group of protists, including some parasites, such as Trypanosoma and Leishmania species, that can cause diseases in humans and other animals. The genomes of these species enclose a fraction of retrotransposons including VIPER and TATE , two poorly studied transposable elements that encode a tyrosine recombinase (YR) and were previously classified as DIRS elements. This study investigated the distribution and evolution of VIPER and TATE in kinetoplastids to understand the relationships of these elements with other retrotransposons. Results We observed that VIPER and TATE have a discontinuous distribution among Trypanosomatidae, with several events of loss and degeneration occurring during a vertical transfer evolution. We were able to identify the terminal repeats of these elements for the first time, and we showed that these elements are potentially active in some species, including T. cruzi copies of VIPER . We found that VIPER and TATE are strictly related elements, which were named in this study as VIPER-like . The reverse transcriptase (RT) tree presented a low resolution, and the origin and relationships among YR groups remain uncertain. Conversely, for RH, VIPER-like grouped with Hepadnavirus , whereas for YR, VIPER-like sequences constituted two different clades that are closely allied to Crypton . Distinct topologies among RT, RH and YR trees suggest ancient rearrangements/exchanges in domains and a modular pattern of evolution with putative independent origins for each ORF. Conclusions Due to the presence of both elements in Bodo saltans, a nontrypanosomatid species, we suggested that VIPER and TATE have survived and remained active for more than 400 million years or were reactivated during the evolution of the host species. We did not find clear evidence of independent origins of VIPER-like from the other YR retroelements, supporting the maintenance of the DIRS group of retrotransposons. Nevertheless, according to phylogenetic findings and sequence structure obtained by this study and other works, we proposed separating DIRS elements into four subgroups: DIRS-like, PAT-like, Ngaro-like, and VIPER-like. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13100-019-0175-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authori...

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Section: Viper and Tate Present A Discontinuous Distribution In Trypamentioning

confidence: 98%

Study of VIPER and TATE in kinetoplastids and the evolution of tyrosine recombinase retrotransposons

et al. 2019

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“…Estudios posteriores determinaron la coexistencia de L. braziliensis y L. peruviana en la zona, y se reporta por primera vez el aislamiento de híbridos putativos L. braziliensis / L. peruviana en algunos pacientes (45) , lo que sugiere un incremento del riesgo de metástasis hacia las mucosas (45) . Estos importantes hallazgos fueron complementados recientemente con la detección de un híbrido L. braziliensis / L. peruviana en Lutzomyia tejadai, el principal vector de la leishmaniasis en Huánuco (46) . Figura 1.…”

Section: Leishmaniasis Tegumentariaunclassified

“…Con esta técnica se determinó la infección natural de Lutzomyia peruensis con Leishmania (Vianna) peruviana en el valle de Huayllacayán (Ancash) y Otuzco (La Libertad) (66) , y de Lutzomyia ayacuchensis con Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis en Otuzco (57) . Recientemente, Kato et al (2016) (46) describen por primera vez la infección natural de Lutzomyia tejadai con un híbrido Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis / Leishmania (V.) peruviana en el valle interandino del río Huallaga, Huánuco. Este híbrido fue previamente descrito por Dujardin et al (1995) (45) , a partir de un cultivo aislado de un paciente de Huancapallac, Huánuco, y sería el responsable de la leishmaniasis cutánea y cutáneomucosa en la región andina de Huánuco.…”

Section: Herramientas De Biología Molecular Para La Determinación De unclassified

“…La tasa de infección natural de un flebotomíneo con Leishmania se obtiene de dividir el total de positivos sobre el total de muestras analizadas, pero hay que tener en cuenta si las hembras de flebotomíneos fueron analizadas en forma individual o se agruparon en pooles, lo que representa un sesgo en el análisis de datos. Por ejemplo, Kato et al (2016) (46) encontró solo 01 Lu. tejadai infectada con un híbrido L. braziliensis / L. peruviana de un total de 2997 especímenes analizados individualmente (tasa de infección natural = 0,03%), mientras que en el trabajo reportado por Valdivia et al (2012) (60) , 1299 hembras de Lutzomyia fueron agrupadas en 164 pooles (1-10 individuos/pool), de los cuales 7 fueron positivos a Leishmania.…”

Section: Herramientas De Biología Molecular Para La Determinación De unclassified

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Vectores de la leishmaniasis tegumentaria y la Enfermedad de Carrión en el Perú: una actualización

Zorrilla

Vásquez

Espada

et al. 2017

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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“…The isolation of Leishmania strains that have been characterized as putative hybrids is now well described (Kato et al 2016), and the panmictic generation of experimental hybrids, where there is no barrier to intra or inter-species mating, has been formally demonstrated in a laboratory setting (Inbar et al 2013;Romano et al 2014). Multi locus genotyping using techniques such as multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) have suggested hybrids between closely related new world species (Belli et al 1994;Dujardin et al 1995;Banuls et al 1997a;Torrico et al 1999;Nolder et al 2007a), between closely related old-world species (Evans et al 1987;Kelly et al 1991;Odiwuor et al 2011), and between two extremely divergent species, L. infantum and L. major (Ravel et al 2006b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure of Leishmania using POPSICLE reveals extensive dichotomy in zygosity and discloses the role of sex in diversity of the parasite

2018

Preprint

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Mosaic aneuploidy prevalent in organisms such as Leishmania and Fungi and in genomes of some neurological disorders and cancers manifest as non-integer haplotypes due to heterogeneity in somy across a population of cells. Thus, the tools designed for strictly haploid or diploid genomes are insufficient to study them. We addressed this issue by upgrading our population genetics tool POPSICLE for aneuploid genomes and studied the population structure of 50 strains of Leishmania to understand genetic diversity and the sexual strategies that predispose to that diversity. Leishmania showed enormous diversity but a dichotomic nature of extreme zygosities. To understand this dichotomy, we specifically studied two species, L. tropica that contained strains with both hetero and homozygosities and L. major that were mainly homozygous. The homozygosity in L. tropica was a consequence of extreme inbreeding while heterozygosity was due to recent hybridizations involving two different genotypes. In contrast, L. major also contained two different genotypes and products of extreme inbreeding but no recent hybridizations. The heterozygous strains of L. tropica that were geographically isolated from the homozygous strains were F1 hybrids that appeared sterile to each other while those in proximity to the homozygous strains were outcrosses involving multiple cycles of hybridization indicating their mating preference with homozygous strains. Development of POPSICLE for aneuploid genomes offers a unique tool for determining the shared ancestries and in reinforcing sex as one of the driving mechanisms for speciation as demonstrated for Leishmania. POPSICLE is a Java based utility available for free download at https://popsicleadmixture.sourceforge.io/

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First Evidence of a Hybrid of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis/L. (V.) peruviana DNA Detected from the Phlebotomine Sand Fly Lutzomyia tejadai in Peru

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

Study of VIPER and TATE in kinetoplastids and the evolution of tyrosine recombinase retrotransposons

Study of VIPER and TATE in kinetoplastids and the evolution of tyrosine recombinase retrotransposons

Vectores de la leishmaniasis tegumentaria y la Enfermedad de Carrión en el Perú: una actualización

Population Structure of Leishmania using POPSICLE reveals extensive dichotomy in zygosity and discloses the role of sex in diversity of the parasite

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