First detection of Zika virus in neotropical primates in Brazil: a possible new reservoir

Favoretto, Silvana Regina; Araújo, Danielle Bastos; Oliveira, Danielle Bruna Leal; Duarte, Naylê Francelino Holanda; Mesquita, Fernando Silveira; Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade; Durigon, Edison L.

doi:10.1101/049395

Cited by 50 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…al. [21], using real-time PCR, showed that 29% (7/24) of the New World primates, Callithrix jacchus and Sapajus libidinosus, in Ceará State in Northeast Brazil were infected with ZIKV. They also showed that the ZIKV genome sequence from monkeys was 100% similar to the ZIKV circulating in humans in South America, suggesting that primates sharing the habitat with humans could act as ZIKV hosts, as in the YFV sylvatic cycle in Brazil.…”

Section: Animals As Zikv Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current ZIKV epidemic in Brazil requires understanding of the role of mammals, especially primates, in viral transmission to humans, especially when this interface occurs in fragmented forest areas, as described by Favoretto et al [21]. Such areas are usually bordered or surrounded by farmland and human settlements and by dense urban and unstructured areas that can increase contact between humans, wildlife, and domestic animals and occasionally promote disease spillover [47,48].…”

Section: Biodiversity Animal Hosts and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples include primates from the Callitrichinae (Callithrix, Leontopithecus, and Saguinus), Cebinae (Cebus), and Atelidae families (Alouatta and Brachyteles) [52]. Favoretto et al [21] were the first to report ZIKV in NHPs in Northeast Brazil, highlighting that these New World primates can act as potential ZIKV hosts in the Americas. Many questions remain unanswered.…”

Section: Biodiversity Animal Hosts and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus from the same family as the West Nile (WNV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), dengue (DENV), and yellow fever viruses (YFV) [1, 2]. ZIKV is an RNA virus, mostly transmitted to humans by bites from infected Aedes spp., especially Aedes aegypti, a highly competent and anthropophilic vector species [3] that also transmits DENV and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animals in the Zika virus life cycle: what to expect from megadiverse Latin American countries

Bueno

Martínez

Abdala

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in 1947 in primates in Uganda, West Africa. The virus remained confined to the equatorial regions of Africa and Asia, cycling between infecting monkeys, arboreal mosquitoes, and occasionally humans. The ZIKV Asiatic strain was probably introduced into Brazil in or around late 2013. Presently, ZIKV is in contact with the rich biodiversity in all Brazilian biomes, bordering on other Latin American countries. Infections in Brazilian primates have been reported recently, but the overall impact of this virus on wildlife in the Americas is still unknown. The current epidemic in the Americas requires knowledge on the role of mammals, especially nonhuman primates (NHPs), in ZIKV transmission to humans. The article discusses the available data on ZIKV in host animals and issues of biodiversity, rapid environmental change, and impact on human health in megadiverse Latin American countries. The authors reviewed scientific articles and recent news stories on ZIKV in animals, showing that 47 animal species from three orders (mammals, reptiles, and birds) have been investigated for the potential to establish a sylvatic cycle. The review aims to contribute to epidemiological studies and the knowledge on the natural history of ZIKV. The article concludes with questions that require urgent attention in epidemiological studies involving wildlife in order to understand their role as ZIKV hosts and to effectively control the epidemic. IntroductionZika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus from the same family as the West Nile (WNV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), dengue (DENV), and yellow fever viruses (YFV) [1, 2]. ZIKV is an RNA virus, mostly transmitted to humans by bites from infected Aedes spp., especially Aedes aegypti, a highly competent and anthropophilic vector species [3] that also transmits DENV and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) [4]. Other Aedes species have been implicated in ZIKV transmission, mainly in sylvatic cycles, including Ae. africanus, Ae. albopictus, Ae. apicoargenteus, and Ae. furcifer [5,6,7,8].PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |

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Section: Animals As Zikv Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biodiversity Animal Hosts and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biodiversity Animal Hosts and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Animals in the Zika virus life cycle: what to expect from megadiverse Latin American countries

Bueno

Martínez

Abdala

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…Such interspecies interactions could facilitate the transmission of arboviruses, and may cause difficulty in vector control due to a reservoir of immature forms that are out of reach of insecticides and destruction of breeding sites. The recent findings of positive serology for dengue in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in Puerto Rico (11) and of marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and capuchin-monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) infected by Zika virus in the State of Ceara (12) emphasize the need for thorough surveys in natural habitats in the region of Ijui and others throughout Brazil.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in a tree hole in Brazil

Müller

Marcondes

2016

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Z ika Virus

Harper¹,

Litaker²,

Logan³

2018

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Zika virus is closely related to the viruses causing yellow fever, West Nile or Dengue fever and, similar to them, is an arbovirus, actively transmitted by mosquito vectors. Sexual transmission between humans also occurs. Zika virus was not associated with serious human disease until after its arrival in the Americas. Since 2015 it has been associated with a range of pathologies. The most significant is congenital Zika syndrome, marked by foetal microcephaly. The number of Zika infections has fallen since 2016. Confirmed infections in the Americas total over 200 000 cases, with more than 50% of these in Brazil. Deaths are rare, and congenital effects have been the major concern, particularly in Brazil, where more than 80% of such cases have occurred. The reasons for this high rate are unclear, although poverty is often cited as a likely contributor. Eighty‐four countries or territories worldwide have had evidence of mosquito‐borne Zika virus transmission. Relatively small numbers of infections have been reported in the United States, with transmission restricted to the far south of Texas and Florida. There is no vaccine or antiviral drug effective against Zika. The best preventive measures as of 2017 involve controlling or avoiding the vector mosquitoes. Key Concepts Zika virus is a Flavivirus with an RNA genome, related to other viruses such as yellow fever, West Nile and Dengue fever. The virus was identified in Africa in 1947 and exists as two broad lineages, African and Asian. The virus is an arbovirus (arthropod‐borne virus), spread by bites from vector mosquitoes of the genus Aedes , although direct person to person transmission also occurs. Historically, most people infected with Zika did not develop symptoms, and even when they did these were relatively mild. Until 2007, Zika virus infection was restricted to an equatorial belt in Africa and Asia, but in 2015, the Asian form of Zika was identified in Brazil, the first time it was seen in the Americas. By the end of 2016, more than 100 000 confirmed cases had occurred in Brazil. Later in 2015, Zika infection was associated with severe forms of microcephaly in newborns, predominantly in the northeast of Brazil. Zika infection has also been associated with the autoimmune‐mediated Guillain–Barré syndrome. In 2017, numbers of infections in the Americas have dropped sharply, but the virus continues to spread, with mosquito‐borne infections seen in 84 countries and territories around the world. There is no vaccine or therapeutic drug for Zika virus, although clinical trials are proceeding. The best strategy at present is to control mosquitoes and avoid mosquito bites. Future control approaches need to be informed by effective public health surveillance to support both analysis and response.

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First detection of Zika virus in neotropical primates in Brazil: a possible new reservoir

Cited by 50 publications

References 1 publication

Animals in the Zika virus life cycle: what to expect from megadiverse Latin American countries

Animals in the Zika virus life cycle: what to expect from megadiverse Latin American countries

Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in a tree hole in Brazil

Z ika Virus

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