First detection of porcine circovirus type 3 on commercial pig farms in Poland

Abstract

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a novel circovirus species recently discovered in USA and China in cases of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure, respiratory disease and multisystemic inflammation. This study reports on the first identification of PCV3 in Europe, in serum from pigs from Polish farms. A total of 1,050 serum samples were collected between 2014 and 2017 from sows and 3-20 weeks old pigs from 14 commercial farms representing different regions of Poland, different size and health status. The samples were pooled by 4-6 and tested with real-time PCR for PCV3. PCV3 DNA was detected in 12 of 14 farms (85.7%). On the PCV3-positive farms, the virus was detected in 5.9% to 65% serum pools. PCV3 was most common among weaned pigs and finishers (26.1% and 28.0% of serum pools, respectively). Sequence analysis of 359 nucleotide fragment of ORF2 showed highest identity of 99.7% to PCV3-US/SD2016 from USA. Our results indicate that PCV3 is a common virus among Polish pigs but no links to unexplained disease conditions were established.

Full-Genome Sequence of Porcine Circovirus type 3 recovered from serum of sows with stillbirths in Brazil

“…The two complete genomes were recovered from sera of sows which had just given birth to litters with stillbirth in two different farms. To date, PCV3 genomes had only been reported in the United States (Palinski et al., ; Phan et al., ), China (Fan et al., ; Ku et al., ; Shen et al., ), Poland (Stadejek, Wozniak, Milek, & Biernacka, ) and South Korea (Kwon, Yoo, Park, & Lyoo, ). This study provides evidence to confirm the circulation of PCV3 in Brazilian farms.…”

The detection of porcine circovirus 3 in Guangxi, China

“…Porcine circovirus type 3 was detected in piglet herds in the USA, China, South Korea, Poland and Italy recently (Faccini et al., ; Kwon, Yoo, Park, & Lyoo, ; Stadejek, Wozniak, Milek, & Biernacka, ; Zheng et al., ). PCV3 infection may cause clinical disease including reproductive failure (Palinski et al., ), PDNS and multisystemic inflammation (Phan et al., ).…”

Insights into the epidemic characteristics and evolutionary history of the novel porcine circovirus type 3 in southern China

“…Several new circoviruses have been identified from meat samples collected from the USA and other regions since 2010 and have been initially characterized in previous studies (Li et al., ; Zhang, Li, Deng, Kapusinszky, & Delwart, ). Recently, a novel porcine circovirus, identified as porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3), was reported in the USA, China and Poland, and it may be associated with PDNS, reproductive failure (Fan et al., ; Ku et al., ; Palinski et al., ; Stadejek, Wozniak, Milek, & Biernacka, ), and cardiac and multisystemic inflammation (Phan et al., ). This novel circovirus contains a circular genome with 2000 nucleotides, and three open reading frames (ORFs) were identified, including capsid (cap), replicase (rep) and a protein of unknown function (ORF3) (Palinski et al., ).…”