First detection of Infectious Spleen and kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV) associated with massive mortalities in farmed tilapia in Africa

Ramírez‐Paredes, José Gustavo; Paley, Richard; Hunt, William C.; Feist, Stephen W.; Stone, David M.; Haydon, David J.; Ziddah, Peter A.; Duodu, Samuel; Wallis, Timothy S.; Verner–Jeffreys, David W.

doi:10.1101/680538

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, little attention has been given towards this phenomenon. Several cases of co-infections involving viral and bacterial pathogens have been reported in cultured tilapia, including Iridovirus - Flavobacterium columnare – A. veronii - S. agalactiae [ 18 ] and Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV)– S. agalactiae infections [ 19 ]. To date, numerous studies have also discovered co-infections involving TiLV with other bacterial species including A. veronii [ 7 , 20 ], A. hydrophila , A. jandeii [ 20 ], Flavobacterium sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Infections of Tilapia Lake Virus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae in Farmed Red Hybrid Tilapia

Basri

Nor

Salleh

et al. 2020

Animals

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A high death rate among red hybrid tilapias was observed in a farm in Selangor, Malaysia, in January 2020. The affected fish appeared lethargic, isolated from schooling group, showed loss of appetite, red and haemorrhagic skin, exophthalmia and enlarged gall bladders. Histopathological assessment revealed deformation of kidney tubules, and severe congestion with infiltrations of inflammatory cells in the brains and kidneys. Syncytial cells and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were occasionally observed in the liver and brain sections. Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae were identified in the affected fish, either through isolation or through PCR and sequencing analysis. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the TiLV strain in this study was closely related to the previously reported Malaysian strain that was isolated in 2019. On the other hand, A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae were closer to Algerian and Brazilian strains, respectively. The multiple antibiotic resistance index for A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae was 0.50 and 0.25, respectively. Co-infections of virus and bacteria in cultured tilapia is a new threat for the tilapia industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Infections of Tilapia Lake Virus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae in Farmed Red Hybrid Tilapia

Basri

Nor

Salleh

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Several instances of natural concurrent infections with different pathogens have already been reported in various tilapia species (Amal et al, 2018; Cutuli et al, 2015; Dong et al, 2015; Eissa, Tharwat, & Zaki, 2013; Eissa, Zaki, & Aziz, 2010; Nicholson et al, 2017; Nicholson, Mon‐on, Jaemwimol, Tattiyapong, & Surachetpong, 2019; Nofal & Abdel‐Latif, 2017; Ramírez‐Paredes et al, 2019). In addition, numerous dual‐infection studies have been conducted in order to evaluate the link between the two co‐infecting pathogens under laboratory conditions (Xu, Shoemaker, & Klesius, 2007, 2009; Xu, Shoemaker, & LaFrentz, 2014; Xu, Shoemaker, & Zhang, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Furthermore, Iridovirus is another important virus that has been reported to induce heavy mortalities in Nile and Mozambique ( O. mossambicus ) tilapias (Ariel & Owens, 1997; McGrogan, Ostland, Byrne, & Ferguson, 1998). In addition, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) firstly reported in Africa has been linked with mass mortalities in farmed tilapia (Ramírez‐Paredes et al, 2019).…”

Section: The Co‐infections In Tilapia: Types and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nature and consequences of co‐infections in tilapia: A review

Abdel‐Latif

Dawood

Menanteau–Ledouble

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Diseases

137

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Co‐infections commonly arise when two or multiple different pathogens infect the same host, either as simultaneous or as secondary concurrent infection. This potentiates their pathogenic effects and leads to serious negative consequences on the exposed host. Numerous studies on the occurrence of the bacterial, parasitic, fungal and viral co‐infections were conducted in various tilapia species. Co‐infections have been associated with serious negative impacts on susceptible fish because they increase the fish susceptibility to diseases and the likelihood of outbreaks in the affected fish. Co‐infections can alter the disease course and increase the severity of disease through synergistic and, more rarely, antagonistic interactions. In this review, reports on the synergistic co‐infections and their impacts on the affected tilapia species are highlighted. Additionally, their pathogenic mechanisms are briefly discussed. Tilapia producers should be aware of the possible occurrence of co‐infections and their effects on the affected tilapia species and in particular of the clinical signs and course of the disease. To date, there is still limited information regarding the pathogenicity mechanisms and pathogen interactions during these co‐infections. This is generally due to low awareness regarding co‐infections, and in many cases, a dominant pathogen is perceived to be of vital importance and hence becomes the target of treatment while the treatment of the co‐infectious agents is neglected. This review article aimed at raising awareness regarding co‐infections and helping researchers and fish health specialists pay greater attention to these natural cases, leading to increased research and more consistent diagnosis of co‐infectious outbreaks in order to improve control strategies to protect tilapia when infected with multiple pathogens.

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“…This growth has mainly been driven by the large-scale cage farming around Lake Volta, but it has been unclear how the rural poor, particularly women and youth, have shared in this growth (Ragasa et al 2018). Moreover, fish diseases (e.g., Streptococcus bacteria and Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus)-likely triggered by poor management practices, seasonal water quality, and illegal imports of foreign tilapia strains-caused high mortality rates for tilapia in 2017 and 2019 in sections of Lake Volta (Paley et al 2019;Verner-Jeffreys et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Fish Farming Practices and Performance: Baseline Study and Implications for Accelerating Aquaculture Development in Ghana

Ragasa

Agyakwah²,

Asmah³

et al. 2020

SSRN Journal

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in 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition. IFPRI's strategic research aims to foster a climate-resilient and sustainable food supply; promote healthy diets and nutrition for all; build inclusive and efficient markets, trade systems, and food industries; transform agricultural and rural economies; and strengthen institutions and governance. Gender is integrated in all the Institute's work. Partnerships, communications, capacity strengthening, and data and knowledge management are essential components to translate IFPRI's research from action to impact. The Institute's regional and country programs play a critical role in responding to demand for food policy research and in delivering holistic support for country-led development. IFPRI collaborates with partners around the world.

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First detection of Infectious Spleen and kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV) associated with massive mortalities in farmed tilapia in Africa

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Co-Infections of Tilapia Lake Virus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae in Farmed Red Hybrid Tilapia

Co-Infections of Tilapia Lake Virus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae in Farmed Red Hybrid Tilapia

The nature and consequences of co‐infections in tilapia: A review

Characterization of Fish Farming Practices and Performance: Baseline Study and Implications for Accelerating Aquaculture Development in Ghana

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