First detection of bovine coronavirus in Yak (Bos grunniens) and a bovine coronavirus genome with a recombinant HE gene

He, Qifu; Guo, Zijing; Zhang, Bin; Yue, Hua; Tang, Cheng

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001254

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) was first associated with neonatal calves diarrhoea by Mebus et al in the United States (1973). To date, 38 BCoV genomes were published in GenBank (He et al, 2019). The BCoV is the causative agent of winter dysentery (WD) in adult cattle (Saif, Redman, Brock, Kohler, & Heckert, 1988) and causes respiratory tract infections in calves, cattle and small ruminants (Storz et al., 2000).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Farm Animals’ Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronaviruses in farm animals: Epidemiology and public health implications

Khbou

Jedidi

Zaafouri

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Coronaviruses (CoVs) are documented in a wide range of animal species, including terrestrial and aquatic, domestic and wild. The geographic distribution of animal CoVs is worldwide and prevalences were reported in several countries across the five continents. The viruses are known to cause mainly gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases with different severity levels. In certain cases, CoV infections are responsible of huge economic losses associated or not to highly public health impact. Despite being enveloped, CoVs are relatively resistant pathogens in the environment. Coronaviruses are characterized by a high mutation and recombination rate, which makes host jumping and cross‐species transmission easy. In fact, increasing contact between different animal species fosters cross‐species transmission, while agriculture intensification, animal trade and herd management are key drivers at the human‐animal interface. If contacts with wild animals are still limited, humans have much more contact with farm animals, during breeding, transport, slaughter and food process, making CoVs a persistent threat to both humans and animals. A global network should be established for the surveillance and monitoring of animal CoVs.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Farm Animals’ Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronaviruses in farm animals: Epidemiology and public health implications

Khbou

Jedidi

Zaafouri

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…BCoV was detected in 18.95% (36/190) of the samples by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in China. BCoV also resulted in yak diarrhea of China [10]. BCoV was more likely to be detected in diarrheic calves than healthy calves [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Detection of Bovine Coronavirus N Protein with TaqMan Probe qRT-PCR

Geng

Gong

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) can cause acute diarrhea in newborn calves and adult cattle. BCoV infection may cause losses to production by reduced weight gain, reduced milk yield. Several methods have been applied to detect and diagnose BCoV. However, each assay has its deficiency. Currently, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) has been utilized to identify and quantify many viral pathogens since it is a highly sensitive. However, the technical assay varies due to normalization control of the signal with an internal standard, typically a housekeeping gene. The main objective of the present study to establish a novel TaqMan probe real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for detecting BCoV.Materials, Methods & Results: The present study was aimed to establish a novel TaqMan probe real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for detecting bovine coronaviruses (BCoV), and also to develop a diagnostic protocol which simplifies sample collection and processing. One pair of specific primers, one pair of universal primers and a TaqMan probe were designed from the known sequences of conserved nucleocapsid (N) protein of BCoV. Reaction systems of TaqMan qRT-PCR were optimized including concentrations of the primers and probe as well as annealing temperatures. Prior to optimizing the assay, the recombinant plasmids of pMD18-T-BCoV-N were successfully constructed to make standard curves. The sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility were evaluated on the TaqMan qRT-PCR, respectively. A total of 321 feces specimens collected from diarrheic calves were detected with this assay. The results showed the optimized reaction conditions for qRT-PCR were 14.5 μM/L primers, 19.5 μM/L probes and 45.0°C annealing temperatures. The established TaqMan qRT-PCR assay could specially detect BCoV without detecting any other viruses. Its minimum detection limit was 4.72 × 101 copies/μL. However, universal PCR could detect only 4.72 × 103 copies/μL. Its sensitivity was 100-fold stronger than universal PCR. In conclusion, this TaqMan qRT-PCR had excellent specificity, sensitivity and stability with a 100-fold sensitivity stronger than universal PCR. Minimum detection limit was 4.72 × 101 copies/μL. This method was a cost-effective method to diagnose diarrhea and distinguish pathogens in dairy farms.Discussion: In this study, the authors developed a quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in this study based on the TaqMan probe of BCoV. This TaqMan qRT-PCR assay selected and used one pair of specific primers (BCoV-qF/BCoV-qR) and a specific TaqMan probe (BCoV-probe) targeting the conserved nucleocapsid (N) gene. The specificity of primers and probes was validated with Primer-BLAST. The specificity of the qRT-PCR was confirmed by the negative control and other six viruses. The findings demonstrated that TaqMan qRT-PCR could only detect BCoV. This verified the qRT-PCR had an excellent specificity. It is obvious that this TaqMan qRT-PCR assay can detect only BCoV with stronger sensitivity and reproducibility than other real-time PCR methods. The sensitivity test indicated the minimum detection limit of the TaqMan qRT-PCR was 4.72 × 101copies/μL, or 47.2 copies/μL. Sensitivity of the TaqMan qRT-PCR assay was increased by 100-fold as compared to universal PCR with a good inter-assay and intra-assay reproducibility. Thereby, based on the high sensitivity of the assay of this qRT-PCR assay it may be a cost-effective method to diagnose BCoV infections and indentify the etiologic agents of diarrhea syndrome in the dairy farms.

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“…Diarrhea is a common symptom in newborn calves and results in a major loss of capital to the livestock industry. To date, bovine coronavirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and nebovirus have been identified as important diarrhea-causing viruses circulating in Chinese calves [ 5 6 ]. Moreover, previous studies have provided clear evidence that BoRVA can be transmitted to humans, either directly or through multiple reassortment events during the evolution of the strains [ 7 8 ]; therefore, control of the virus has significance to public health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and molecular characteristics of bovine rotavirus A in dairy calves in China

Yan

Yue

et al. 2021

J Vet Sci

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Background Bovine group A rotavirus (BoRVA) is a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in newborn dairy calves. Only one study has investigated the G and P genotypes among dairy calves in a few regions of China, which were G6 and P[5]. Therefore, data on the prevalence and molecular characteristics of BoRVA in dairy calves in China remains limited. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of BoRVA in dairy calves in China. Methods 269 dairy calves diarrheic samples from 23 farms in six provinces in China were collected to detect BoRVA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results 71% of samples were determined to be BoRVA-positive. Two G genotypes (G6, G10) and two P genotypes (P[1], P[5]) were identified, and G6P[1] BoRVA was the predominant strain. Moreover, the VP7 and VP4 gene sequences of these dairy calf BoRVA strains revealed abundant genetic diversity. Interestingly, eight out of 17 complete G6 VP7 sequences were clustered into G6 lineage VI and analysis showed the strains were closely related to Chinese yak BoRVA strains. Conclusions The results of this study show that BoRVA circulates widely among dairy calves in China, and the dominant genotype in circulation is G6P[1], first report on molecular characteristics of complete P[5] VP4 genes in chinese dairy calves. These results will help us to further understand the prevalence and genetic evolution of BoRVA among dairy calves in China and, thus, prevent the disease more effectively.

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First detection of bovine coronavirus in Yak (Bos grunniens) and a bovine coronavirus genome with a recombinant HE gene

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Coronaviruses in farm animals: Epidemiology and public health implications

Coronaviruses in farm animals: Epidemiology and public health implications

Specific Detection of Bovine Coronavirus N Protein with TaqMan Probe qRT-PCR

Detection and molecular characteristics of bovine rotavirus A in dairy calves in China

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