First Detection and Genome Sequence of Senecavirus A in Vietnam

Arzt, Jonathan; Bertram, Miranda R.; Vu, Le T.; Pauszek, Steven J.; Hartwig, E. E.; Smoliga, George R.; Palinski, Rachel; Stenfeldt, Carolina; Fish, Ian; Hoang, Bui H.; Phượng, Nguyễn Thị Kim; Hung, Vo Van; Vu, Pham P.; Dung, Nguyen K.; Dong, Pham V.; Tiến, Nguyễn Ngọc; Dung, Do H.

doi:10.1128/mra.01247-18

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Senecavirus A (SVA) recently emerged worldwide, causing several outbreaks of VD, which is clinically indistinguishable from FMD in pigs (4,6,7,9,11,13,17,(33)(34)(35). Interestingly, many natural cases of SVA have been reported following stressful conditions, such as transportation (3,4) and parturition (7,17,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increased number of outbreaks of SVA-induced VD have been reported worldwide since 2014, affecting swine in the United States (5)(6)(7)(8), Brazil (7)(8)(9), China (10), Thailand (11), Colombia (12), and Vietnam (13). Clinically, SVA-induced VD is indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) (14,15), a highly contagious VD caused by the related picornavirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) (16).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Persistent Infection and Transmission of Senecavirus A from Carrier Sows to Contact Piglets

Maggioli

Fernandes

Joshi

et al. 2019

J Virol

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Senecavirus A (SVA) is a picornavirus that causes acute vesicular disease (VD), that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), in pigs. Notably, SVA RNA has been detected in lymphoid tissues of infected animals several weeks following resolution of the clinical disease, suggesting that the virus may persist in select host tissues. Here, we investigated the occurrence of persistent SVA infection and the contribution of stressors (transportation, immunosuppression, or parturition) to acute disease and recrudescence from persistent SVA infection. Our results show that transportation stress leads to a slight increase in disease severity following infection. During persistence, transportation, immunosuppression, and parturition stressors did not lead to overt/recrudescent clinical disease, but intermittent viremia and virus shedding were detected up to day 60 postinfection (p.i.) in all treatment groups following stress stimulation. Notably, real-time PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays confirmed that the tonsil harbors SVA RNA during the persistent phase of infection. Immunofluorescence assays (IFA) specific for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) demonstrated the presence of double-stranded viral RNA in tonsillar cells. Most importantly, infectious SVA was isolated from the tonsil of two animals on day 60 p.i., confirming the occurrence of carrier animals following SVA infection. These findings were supported by the fact that contact piglets (11/44) born to persistently infected sows were infected by SVA, demonstrating successful transmission of the virus from carrier sows to contact piglets. Results here confirm the establishment of persistent infection by SVA and demonstrate successful transmission of the virus from persistently infected animals. IMPORTANCE Persistent viral infections have significant implications for disease control strategies. Previous studies demonstrated the persistence of SVA RNA in the tonsil of experimentally or naturally infected animals long after resolution of the clinical disease. Here, we showed that SVA establishes persistent infection in SVA-infected animals, with the tonsil serving as one of the sites of virus persistence. Importantly, persistently infected carrier animals shedding SVA in oral and nasal secretions or feces can serve as sources of infection to other susceptible animals, as evidenced by successful transmission of SVA from persistently infected sows to contact piglets. These findings unveil an important aspect of SVA infection biology, suggesting that persistently infected pigs may function as reservoirs for SVA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Infection and Transmission of Senecavirus A from Carrier Sows to Contact Piglets

Maggioli

Fernandes

Joshi

et al. 2019

J Virol

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“…Newborn piglets also suffered from infection and consequent high morbidity (~70%) and mortality (~30%) rates. Subsequently, outbreaks of SVV infection were also reported in the USA (Canning et al, ), Canada (Xu et al, ), Colombia (Sun, Vannucci, Knutson, Corzo, & Marthaler, ), China (Wu et al, ), Thailand (Saeng‐Chuto, Rodtian, Temeeyasen, Wegner, & Nilubol, ) and Vietnam (Arzt et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seneca Valley virus RNA detection in pig feed and feed ingredients in Brazil

Leme

Miyabe

Agnol

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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We investigated Seneca Valley virus (SVV) contamination in pig feed and feed ingredients. Twenty-seven samples were collected from two Brazilian feed mills and subjected to conventional RT-nested-PCR and qRT-PCR assays. Seven samples were SVV-positive with viral loads of 3.94-4.33 log 10 genomic copies/g of feed. The study reveals SVV feed and feed ingredient contamination under natural conditions in Brazil. K E Y W O R D S complete pig feed, feed route transmission, mixed meat and bone meal, Senecavirus A, soybean meal, swine

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“…The vesicular disease caused by SVA is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) (2,8). Currently, this virus has been reported in Canada, China, Colombia, Thailand, Viet Nam, and elsewhere, suggesting that SVA-induced disease has already become a worldwide problem (7,(10)(11)(12). In China, the vesicular disease caused by SVA was first reported in Guangdong province in 2015 (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Three Novel Senecavirus A Strains and Recombination Analysis Among Senecaviruses in China

Guo

Chen

Ruan³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Senecavirus A (SVA), an emerging swine picornavirus of swine, is one of the causative agents of vesicular disease which is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease in pigs. Here, 3 cases of vesicular disease were reported which was caused by SVA in November 2018 in Henan, China. Three new SVA strains were identified and conducted a genetically evolutionary analysis. The isolates shared 98.1-99.0% genomic pairwise identity to each other and had the highest similarity, of 98.3-98.7%, with the American strain KS15-01, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Chinese prevalent strains could be clearly divided into cluster 1, cluster 2, and cluster 3. Furthermore, one isolate (HeNNY-1/2018) and two previously reported strains (HB-CH-2016 and SVA/CHN/10/2017) were identified as recombinants using several algorithms. It revealed that the recombination among SVA strains has occurred in China since 2016 or earlier. The findings of studies updated the prevalent status of SVA in China. Besides, the genetic evolution and recombinant events of SVA should be attracted more attentions in the future.

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First Detection and Genome Sequence of Senecavirus A in Vietnam

Abstract: In 2018, senecavirus A was detected for the first time in Vietnam. This report contains the first complete genome of a senecavirus A isolate collected from pigs in Kon Tum Province, Vietnam.

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

Persistent Infection and Transmission of Senecavirus A from Carrier Sows to Contact Piglets

Persistent Infection and Transmission of Senecavirus A from Carrier Sows to Contact Piglets

Seneca Valley virus RNA detection in pig feed and feed ingredients in Brazil

Isolation of Three Novel Senecavirus A Strains and Recombination Analysis Among Senecaviruses in China

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