First detection and characterisation of sub‐genotype XIII.2.1 Newcastle disease virus isolated from backyard chickens in Iran

Hejazi, Zahra; Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Elias; Toroghi, R.; Farzin, Hamidreza; Saffarian, Parvaneh

doi:10.1002/vms3.928

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…The virulence of NDV based on MDT value has been classified into three groups: velogenic (under 60 h), mesogenic (60–90 h), and lentogenic (more than 90 h). Meanwhile, ICPI value is also a common criterion to determine the virulence of NDV: velogenic (under 60 h), mesogenic (60–90 h), and lentogenic (more than 90 h): velogenic (1.5–2.0), mesogenic (0.7–1.5), and lentogenic (0.0–0.7) [ 24 ]. Collectively, these data demonstrate that both the rescued chimeric rcHR09-CI and rcHR09-CII were highly attenuated by altering the cleavage sites of F protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Novel Thermostable Chimeric Vaccine Candidates for Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus

Cao

Ruan

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) has caused a pandemic in many countries and usually causes fatal consequences in infected chickens. Although current commercial attenuated NDV vaccines can provide an ideal protection against genotype VII NDV, they cannot completely prevent the infection and viral shedding, and the genotype of some vaccine strains cannot match with the prevalent strain. In this study, in order to construct a thermostable and genotype VII-matched live attenuated vaccine, we used a thermostable genotype VIII virulent HR09 strain as the backbone and replaced its F gene with that of the genotype VII DT-2014 strain. Meanwhile, the cleavage site of F gene of DT-2014 was mutated to that of class I F protein and avirulent class II F protein, respectively. The results showed that the two chimeric viruses, designated rcHR09-CI and rcHR09-CII, shared a similar growth kinetics and thermostability with their parental HR09 strain. Mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) tests showed that the two chimeric viruses were highly attenuated. Though both chimeric NDVs and La Sota vaccine strain could provide complete protection to immunized chickens against the challenge of virulent genotype VII ZJ1 strain, the two chimeric NDVs could induce a higher level of antibody response against ZJ1 strain and could significantly reduce the viral shedding compared with La Sota vaccine strain. In conclusion, our study constructed two chimeric thermostable genotype VII-matched NDV vaccine candidates, which provided complete protection against the challenge of virulent genotype VII NDV.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Novel Thermostable Chimeric Vaccine Candidates for Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus

Cao

Ruan

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…The serotypes, classes, and genotypes as well as the year of isolation and the source of isolation are indicated: wild birds (W), pigeons (Pi), and poultry (Ch). If the pathogenicity of the virus was established in the cited work, then it is indicated by color: red indicates pathogenic isolates and green indicates non-pathogenic isolates [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease Virus in the Moscow Region in the Summer of 2022

Ртищев

Treshchalina

Shustova

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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In August 2022 on a backyard farm in the Moscow region of Russia, mortality was observed among chickens, and all 45 birds of a particular farm died or were slaughtered after the onset of symptoms within a few days. Paramyxovirus was isolated from the diseased birds. Based on the nucleotide sequences of the F and NP gene fragments, it was determined that the virus belonged to subgenotype VII.1 AAvV-1 class II. The cleavage site of the F gene 109SGGRRQKRFIG119 and T in 546 and 555 position of the NP gene were typical for the velogenic type. The genetically closest NDV isolates were found in Iran. The mean time of death of 10-day-old chicken embryos upon infection with the minimal infectious dose was 52 h, which is typical for the velogenic pathotype. The virus caused 100% death of six-week-old chickens during oral infection as well as 100% mortality of all contact chickens, including those located in remote cages, which proves the ability of the virus to spread not only by the fecal–oral route but also by the aerosol route. That demonstrates a high level of pathogenicity and contagiousness of the isolated strain for chicken. However, mice intranasally infected with high doses of the virus did not die.

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“…In Bangladesh, NDVs belonging to genotype XIII.2 are circulating in chickens and genotype XXI.1.2 in pigeons [ 2 , 8 , 10 , 27 ]. NDVs of genotype XIII have also been reported in India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Iran, Sweden, Russia, Kazakhstan, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and South Africa [ 22 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Very recently, NDV belonging to genotype VII.2 has been reported in chickens in Bangladesh [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Booster with a Genotype-Matched Inactivated Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Candidate Provides Better Protection against a Virulent Genotype XIII.2 Virus

Hossain,

Subarna,

Kabiraj

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Newcastle disease (ND) is endemic in Bangladesh. Locally produced or imported live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines based on lentogenic virus strains, locally produced live vaccines of the mesogenic Mukteswar strain, as well as imported inactivated vaccines of lentogenic strains, are being used in Bangladesh under different vaccination regimens. Despite these vaccinations, frequent outbreaks of ND are being reported in Bangladesh. Here we compared the efficacy of booster immunization with three different vaccines in chickens that had been primed with two doses of live LaSota vaccine. A total of 30 birds (Group A) were primed with two doses of live LaSota virus (genotype II) vaccine at days 7 and 28, while 20 birds (Group B) remained unvaccinated. At day 60, birds of Group A were divided into three sub-groups, which received booster immunizations with three different vaccines; A1: live LaSota vaccine, A2: inactivated LaSota vaccine, and A3: inactivated genotype XIII.2 vaccine (BD-C161/2010 strain from Bangladesh). Two weeks after booster vaccination (at day 74), all vaccinated birds (A1–A3) and half of the unvaccinated birds (B1) were challenged with a genotype XIII.2 virulent NDV (BD-C161/2010). A moderate antibody response was observed after the primary vaccination, which substantially increased after the booster vaccination in all groups. The mean HI titers induced by the inactivated LaSota vaccine (8.0 log2/5.0 log2 with LaSota/BD-C161/2010 HI antigen) and the inactivated BD-C161/2010 vaccine (6.7 log2/6.2 log2 with LaSota/BD-C161/2010 HI antigen) were significantly higher than those induced by the LaSota live booster vaccine (3.6 log2/2.6 log2 with LaSota/BD-C161/2010 HI antigen). Despite the differences in the antibody titers, all chickens (A1–A3) survived the virulent NDV challenge, while all the unvaccinated challenged birds died. Among the vaccinated groups, however, 50% of the chickens in Group A1 (live LaSota booster immunization) shed virus at 5- and 7-days post challenge (dpc), while 20% and 10% of the chickens in Group A2 (inactivated LaSota booster immunization) shed virus at 3 and 5 dpc, respectively, and only one chicken (10%) in Group A3 shed virus at 5 dpc. In conclusion, the genotype-matched inactivated NDV booster vaccine offers complete clinical protection and a significant reduction in virus shedding.

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First detection and characterisation of sub‐genotype XIII.2.1 Newcastle disease virus isolated from backyard chickens in Iran

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Construction of Novel Thermostable Chimeric Vaccine Candidates for Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus

Construction of Novel Thermostable Chimeric Vaccine Candidates for Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus

An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease Virus in the Moscow Region in the Summer of 2022

A Booster with a Genotype-Matched Inactivated Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Candidate Provides Better Protection against a Virulent Genotype XIII.2 Virus

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