First description of genetic diversity for the genus Metagonimus using the complete cox1 gene sequence

Cytochrome b as a more promising marker for analysing the distribution vector for Metagonimus suifunensis (Trematoda: Heterophyidae)

“…All of these specimens were from the northern part of the Russian southern Far East, and this cluster did not correspond to any formation on the MST based on the sequences of the cytb gene. Nevertheless, most of the newly obtained sequences entered the ancestral haplotype, increasing the number of sequences in it from 41 (Tatonova et al, 2019) to 58 (current study). The values of nucleotide and haplotype variability were 0.0008 ± 0.0002 and 0.489 ± 0.070 for this marker.…”

“…However, values of nucleotide and haplotype variability of this marker were 2 and 1.6 times higher than for the cox1 gene. A low level of nucleotide diversity is characteristic of populations experiencing a decline, which could occur either at the edge of the population range, or as a result of the 'bottleneck effect' previously obtained by Tatonova et al (2019) in the population of M. suifunensis, based on the sequences of the cox1 gene. The decrease in the population of M. suifunensis is also indicated by the high haplotype diversity and the radial structure of each haplogroup.…”

“…In addition, the complete mitochondrial cox1 gene was amplified for samples of M. suifunenis from two localities (the Belaya and Bira Rivers). The primers for amplification and sequencing, the composition of the reaction mixture, and PCR cycling conditions are reported in Tatonova et al (2019).…”

“…The relevant sequence of M. yokogawai (KC330755) from the Republic of Korea was downloaded from GenBank to compare with the closest Metagonimus species. In addition, we used 53 cox1 sequences of M. suifunenis from Russia, which were analysed by Tatonova et al (2019) and added 28 new cox1 gene sequences to the analysis. In total, 87 and 81 full-length sequences were analysed for the cytb and cox1 mtDNA genes with lengths of 1128 and 1539 bp, respectively.…”

“…Such data have only been obtained for M. suifunensis . It was established for this species that the nucleotide variability is absent, based on the use of the ITS region of nuclear DNA (Shumenko et al ., 2017) and furthermore the level of variability is extremely low in the full-length nucleotide sequences of the cox1 mtDNA gene (Tatonova et al ., 2019). Based on the analysis of the latter marker, the authors proposed the hypothesis that the colonization of the studied territory by M. suifunensis occurred from the northern boundaries of its area through the Amur basin (the middle and lower Amur) to the southern parts of the Russian Far East (basins of the Ussuri, Razdolnaya Rivers and Lake Khanka).…”