First demonstration and performance of an injection locked continuous wave magnetron to phase control a superconducting cavity

Carter, Richard G.; Tahir, I.; Wang, H.; Davis, Kirk; Rimmer, Robert

doi:10.1103/physrevstab.14.032001

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Note that experiments described in [2,16,17] http://projectx he results of a series of tes S-band, 1 kW mic m capabilities of magnetrons injection-locked by a phasemodulated signal allowing wideband dynamic amplitude and phase control in experimental model of the high-power transmitter. Injection-locked magnetrons are very low phase noise, efficient RF sources with a promising future for feeding SRF cavities for particle accelerators.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accelerating voltage vector sum control has not been tested for driving SRF cavities for non-relativistic or weakly relativistic particles; it may be unacceptable for low-velocity particles since nonoptimized values of phase and amplitude of the accelerating field in individual SRF cavities can cause emittance growth, [1], and may lead to beam losses. more efficient and potentially less expensive than the above-mentioned RF sources, [2], thus utilization of the magnetron RF sources in the large-scale accelerator projects will provide significant reduction of capital and maintenance costs, especially since the CW magnetrons with power of tens to hundreds kW are well within current manufacturing capabilities. Mechanical oscillations of SRF cavities, including "microphonics" and oscillations caused by Lorentz-force, result in parasitic modulation of the accelerating field in the cavities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-power magnetron transmitter as an RF source for superconducting linear accelerators

Kazakevich

Johnson

Flanagan

et al. 2014

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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A concept of a high-power magnetron transmitter utilizing the vector addition of signals of Continuous Wave (CW) magnetrons, injection-locked by phase-modulated signals, and intended to operate within a wideband control feedback loop in phase and amplitude, is presented. This transmitter is proposed to drive Superconducting RF (SRF) cavities for intensity-frontier GeV-scale proton/ion linacs, including linacs for Accelerator Driven System (ADS). The transmitter performance was verified in experiments with CW, S-Band, 1 kW magnetrons. A wideband dynamic control of magnetrons, required for the superconducting linacs, was realized using the magnetrons, injectionlocked by the phase-modulated signals. The capabilities of the magnetrons injection-locked by the phase-modulated signals and adequateness for feeding of SRF cavities have been verified by measurements of the transfer function magnitude characteristics of single and 2-cascade magnetrons in the phase modulation domain, by measurements of the magnetrons phase performance and by measurements of spectra of the carrier frequency of the magnetrons. At the ratio of power of locking signal to output power of ≥ -13 dB (in 2-cascade scheme per magnetron, respectively) we demonstrated a phase modulation bandwidth of over 1.0 MHz for injection-locked CW single magnetrons and a 2-cascade setup, respectively. The carrier frequency spectrum (width of ~ 1 Hz at the level of <-60 dBc) of the magnetron, injection-locked by a phase-modulated signal, did not demonstrate broadening at wide range of magnitude and frequency of the phase modulation. The wideband dynamic control of output power of the transmitter model has been first experimentally demonstrated using two CW magnetrons, combined in power and injection-locked by the phasemodulated signals. The experiments with the injection-locked magnetrons adequately emulated the wideband dynamic control with a feedback control system, which will allow to suppress parasitic modulation of the accelerating field in the SRF cavities, resulted from mechanical noises, phase perturbations, caused by cavity beam loading and cavity dynamic tuning errors, low-frequency ripples of the magnetron power supplies, etc. The magnetron transmitter concept, tests of the transmitter models and injection-locking of magnetrons by phase-modulated signals are discussed in this work.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-power magnetron transmitter as an RF source for superconducting linear accelerators

Kazakevich

Johnson

Flanagan

et al. 2014

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…In the latter case, this controlling radiation stabilizes the magnetron operation similarly to other nonlinear oscillators 3 . In fact, the injected electromagnetic radiation can be produced by either an external source [injection-locked magnetron (ILM) [4][5][6][7] or by the same magnetron [self-injectlocked magnetron (SILM) 8 ]. In the latter case, a part of the magnetron output power is injected back into the magnetron cavity via a feedback loop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Injection-Locked Magnetron as an Active Ring Resonator Side Coupled to a Waveguide With a Delayed Feedback Loop

Bliokh

Krasik

Felsteiner

2012

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of the magnetron operation with a feedback loop were performed assuming that the delay of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the loop is constant whereas the phase of the complex feedback reflection coefficient is varied. Results of simulations showed that by a proper adjustment of values of the time delay and phase of reflection coefficient that determines phase matching between the waves in the resonator and feedback loop, one can increase the magnetron's output power significantly without any other additional measures.

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“…These magnetrons can be synchronized together and can be "phase locked" to a desired phase with the objective of getting a higher total power output at potentially lower cost. Phase locking is used in many applications [1][2][3][4][5] ranging from radar systems to materials processing. The idea is to minimize cost, to take advantage of lower power devices, and to achieve high efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic phase-control of a rising sun magnetron using modulated and continuous current

Fernandez-Gutierrez

Browning

Lin

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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Phase-control of a magnetron is studied via simulation using a combination of a continuous current source and a modulated current source. The addressable, modulated current source is turned ON and OFF at the magnetron operating frequency in order to control the electron injection and the spoke phase. Prior simulation work using a 2D model of a Rising Sun magnetron showed that the use of 100% modulated current controlled the magnetron phase and allowed for dynamic phase control. In this work, the minimum fraction of modulated current source needed to achieve a phase control is studied. The current fractions (modulated versus continuous) were varied from 10% modulated current to 100% modulated current to study the effects on phase control. Dynamic phase-control, stability, and start up time of the device were studied for all these cases showing that with 10% modulated current and 90% continuous current, a phase shift of 180 can be achieved demonstrating dynamic phase control. V C 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.

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First demonstration and performance of an injection locked continuous wave magnetron to phase control a superconducting cavity

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

High-power magnetron transmitter as an RF source for superconducting linear accelerators

High-power magnetron transmitter as an RF source for superconducting linear accelerators

Self-Injection-Locked Magnetron as an Active Ring Resonator Side Coupled to a Waveguide With a Delayed Feedback Loop

Dynamic phase-control of a rising sun magnetron using modulated and continuous current

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