First database of the spatial distribution of Eimeria species of cattle, sheep and goats in Mexico

Alcalá-Canto, Yazmín; Figueroa-Castillo, Juan Antonio; Ibarra-Velarde, Froylán; Vera‐Montenegro, Yolanda; Cervantes-Valencia, María Eugenia; Alberti-Navarro, Aldo

doi:10.1007/s00436-019-06548-8

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The 10-year surveillance program indicates that eimeriosis is common (up to 100%) in cattle and water buffaloes in the Mediterranean area studied as in different parts of the world (5,7,8,11,13,15,35,36). The overall prevalence of Eimeria spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of seasonality showed there were no significant differences between the seasons. Some authors found statistically significant differences between seasons and prevalence in animals (1,7,8,35,41,42), but in the Mediterranean area the large ruminant farming system is mainly intensive and so the presence of Eimeria might not be influenced by the weather or by grazing, but rather by overcrowding and herd management (e.g., hygiene of pens).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals become infected by the horizontal route, ingesting sporulated oocysts from contaminated feed, water, or pasture or by licking contaminated hair coat ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). Outbreaks in cattle and water buffaloes are associated with several factors, including the species of Eimeria , the age of the animals, immunological status of hosts, the dose of the oocysts ingested, and farm management and environmental factors ( 5 – 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 10-Year Surveillance of Eimeria spp. in Cattle and Buffaloes in a Mediterranean Area

et al. 2020

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Coccidiosis due to Eimeria spp. are widespread parasitic infections in cattle and water buffaloes and may impair health, welfare, and production of these livestock species. The aims of this study were (i) to investigate the prevalence and seasonal dynamics of eimeriosis and (ii) to characterize the Eimeria species in large ruminants in a Mediterranean area, in order to plan effective control strategies. Parasitological data were obtained from a 10-year surveillance program (2010-2019) on 3,631 farms (2,089 buffalo and 1,542 cattle farms) sampled in central and southern Italy. Pooled fecal samples were analyzed using the FLOTAC technique with an analytic sensitivity of 2 oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) utilizing a saturated sodium chloride flotation solution (specific gravity = 1.200). Eimeria species identification was performed by morphometric analysis after a one week incubation of oocysts in a 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. The results showed high prevalence of Eimeria (up to 100%) in both cattle and buffaloes in the 10 years of surveillance, even if a slight reduction was reported in the last three years. The overall prevalence of eimeriosis was 91.7% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 90.2-93.1) in cattle farms and 81.5% (95% CI = 79.8-83.1) in water buffalo farms. The mean OPG value was 66.8 (min = 2; max = 8,065) in cattle and 55.9 (min = 2; max = 15,415) in water buffaloes, but this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In total, nine species of Eimeria were found in cattle the most prevalent being Eimeria bovis, E. ellipsoidalis, E. cylindrica, and E. zuernii, whereas in water buffaloes eight species of Eimeria were found, the most prevalent being E. ellipsoidalis, E. auburnensis, E. bovis, and E. zuernii. Mixed infections were common in both ruminant species. The seasonal pattern showed a higher prevalence of eimeriosis in cattle in spring (86.9%) whereas in buffalo farms the prevalence was higher in winter (82.3%) and summer (82.4%). In conclusion, the 10-year surveillance program indicates that eimeriosis is common in cattle and water buffaloes and therefore continuous effective control strategies are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 10-Year Surveillance of Eimeria spp. in Cattle and Buffaloes in a Mediterranean Area

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, the infected forest musk deer are the source of reinfection and new infection in other animals. Oocysts can also be introduced into a susceptible herd by the fecal-oral route, contaminated clothing, boots, or cleaning tools [33,34]. At the same time, the arti cial enclosure can't completely simulate the eld environment, habitat changes make the animal in the state of stress for a long time, which will weaken their immunity [35], and then increase the parasitic infection rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[38]. Because for the reason that the oocysts can survive for weeks or months in such an environment [33], the positive rate in these areas is higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on molecular identification of Eimeria sp. from captive forest musk deer

Ren

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) is a national first-level protected and endangered wild animals in China. The intestinal coccidiosis of captive forest musk deer is one of the most important diseases. However, few studies have been conducted to quantify Eimeria sp. infection and to identify its molecules. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the Eimeria sp. infection in the intestinal tract of forest musk deer in Sichuan and Shaanxi, China, and to identify the 18S rRNA gene fragment of Eimeria sp. , which provides scientific basic experimental data for the molecular epidemiological investigation and population genetic analysis of Eimeria sp. of captive forest musk deer in 7 regions.Methods: 328 faecal samples of forest musk deer were collected from 7 farms. The DNA of Eimeria sp. in the positive samples was extracted and used as template for nested PCR amplification. The 18S rRNA gene fragment was connected with the plasmid vector, and the products were introduced into Escherichia coli (DH5α). The culture bacterial solution was used as a PCR reaction template for identification.Results: In total, we collected 328 faecal samples from forest musk deer in Lixian (n=54), Maoxian (n=52), Ma’erkang (n=49), Dujiangyan (n=55), Hanyuan (n=41), Luding (n=36) and Weinan (n=41). 198 (60.37%) faecal samples were positive for Eimeria sp. We analyzed the 18S rRNA gene sequence of Eimeria sp, and determined 34 types with similarity of 90.5% ~ 100%. A phylogenetic tree constructed based on the 18S rRNA gene sequence of Eimeria sp., it was confirmed that Eimeria sp. parasitized in the intestinal tract of forest musk deer was closely related to Eimeria alabamensis from Bos taurus, Eimeria faurei from Ovis aries and Eimeria ahsata from Ovis aries.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this was the first molecular identification of Eimeria sp. in the intestinal tract of forest musk deer. The study suggested that Eimeria sp. parasitizes in the intestinal tract of forest musk deer, which is their carrier.

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Immunoprotection against mixed Eimeria spp. infections in goat kids induced by X-irradiated oocysts

et al. 2022

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Strategies to control goat coccidiosis traditionally rely on the use of management practices combined with anticoccidial treatments, and limited effort has been made, so far, to address immunological control of caprine Eimeria infections. Previously, we showed that monospecific immunization with X-Rad-attenuated Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae oocysts induced considerable immunoprotection upon challenge. In the present study, we conducted a similar vaccination trial but using a mixture of caprine Eimeria species typically present in natural infected goats. For immunization, sporulated oocysts were attenuated by X irradiation (20 kilorad). All infections were performed orally applying 105 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria spp. per animal. In total, 18 goat kids were grouped as follows: (G1) immunized + challenge infected; (G2) primary + challenge infected; (G3) challenge infection control; and (G4) non-immunized/non-infected control. Overall, goat kids infected with attenuated oocysts (= immunized) shed less oocysts in the faeces and showed a lower degree of clinical coccidiosis than animals infected with non-attenuated oocysts. Animals of both challenge groups (G1 and G2) showed partial immunoprotection upon reinfection when compared to challenge infection control (G3). However, the degree of immunoprotection was less pronounced than recently reported for monospecific vaccination against Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae, most probably due to the complexity of the pathogenesis and related immune responses against mixed Eimeria spp. infections. Nevertheless, the data of the present study demonstrate that immunization with attenuated Eimeria spp. oocysts may be worth pursuing as a strategy to control goat coccidiosis.

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First database of the spatial distribution of Eimeria species of cattle, sheep and goats in Mexico

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

A 10-Year Surveillance of Eimeria spp. in Cattle and Buffaloes in a Mediterranean Area

A 10-Year Surveillance of Eimeria spp. in Cattle and Buffaloes in a Mediterranean Area

First report on molecular identification of Eimeria sp. from captive forest musk deer

Immunoprotection against mixed Eimeria spp. infections in goat kids induced by X-irradiated oocysts

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