First-contact incidence rate of schizophrenia on Barbados

Abstract

The very high rate for broad schizophrenia among African-Caribbean people in the UK is probably due to environmental factors.

The incidence of psychoses in diverse settings, INTREPID (2): a feasibility study in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad

“…They are at the upper end of rates reported in previous studies in low-and middle-income settings (see Table 1), including those that have used the most comparable methods. For example, studies in Brazil (Menezes et al 2007), Trinidad (Bhugra et al 1996), and Barbados (Mahy et al 1999) that applied the same inclusion criteria reported rates between 15 and 35/1 00 000 per year. It is notable that the highest reported rate is from the study in Barbados, whichas far as we could ascertain -was the only one that sought to extend case-finding to religious institutions.…”

Incidence of schizophrenia and other psychoses in ethnic minority groups: results from the MRC AESOP Study

“…Three major incidence studies have been conducted, covering Jamaica (Hickling et al 1995), Trinidad (Bhugra et al 1996) and Barbados (Mahy et al 1999), the three islands from where the majority of UK migrants originated. The incidence of schizophrenia in each study was comparable to the rate for the UK White population, and significantly lower than the comparable rate for the UK AfricanCaribbean population.…”

Schizophrenia in black Caribbeans living in the UK: an exploration of underlying causes of the high incidence rate

“…Studies conducted in the 1990s in Jamaica, Trinidad, and Barbados all report similar schizophrenia incidence rates to those found in the native UK population. [13][14][15] Based on these studies, it appears that high rates of schizophrenia among black Caribbeans are a feature of the emigrated rather than the native community.…”