First confirmed case of Monkeypox in Adamawa State, Nigeria: a clinico-epidemiological case report

Pembi, Emmanuel; Awang, Sati Klein; Salaudeen, Saheed Olalekan; Agaba, Innocent Adoyi; Omoleke, Semeeh Akinwale

doi:10.11604/pamj.2022.42.38.34715

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…After the removal of duplicates ( n = 566), 456 articles were screened by the authors. After filtering the titles and reading the abstracts, 85 articles were selected for full-text reading, and 65 were considered eligible for inclusion in this systematic review ( Figure 1 ) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The review included 65 studies published between 1 January and 5 October 2022. The studies ( n = 65) reported monkeypox case reports according to the specimen collection site, the number of cases, sexual behavior-oriented risk factor, history of sexually transmitted diseases, site of specimen drawn and positive for monkeypox virus by PCR, location of skin lesions, and method of diagnosis were described in detail ( Table 2 ) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, reported cases of monkeypox with sexually transmitted infections were: 28.1% had HIV ( n = 1274) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 42 , 44 , 47 , 49 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 82 , 85 , 86 ], 2% had Syphilis ( n = 89) [ 18 , 32 , 38 , 40 , 44 , 50 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 60 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 74 , 77 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Due to the rapid evolution of the monkeypox virus, the means by which the monkeypox virus is spread is subject to change. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the detection of the monkeypox virus according to the collection site of samples from confirmed monkeypox cases. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases until 5 October 2022. A total of 1022 articles were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicates (n = 566) and examining by title, abstract, and full text, 65 studies reporting monkeypox case reports were included with a detailed description of risk factors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), site of monkeypox virus-positive specimens, location of skin lesions, and diagnostic test. A total of 4537 confirmed monkeypox cases have been reported, of which 98.72% of the cases were male with a mean age of 36 years, 95.72% had a sexual behavior of being men who have sex with men, and 28.1% had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most frequent locations of lesions in patients diagnosed with monkeypox were: 42.85% on the genitalia and 37.1% in the perianal region. All confirmed monkeypox cases were diagnosed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the most frequent locations of samples collected for diagnosis that tested positive for monkeypox virus were: 91.85% from skin lesions, 20.81% from the oropharynx, 3.19% from blood, and 2.43% from seminal fluid. The disease course of the cases with monkeypox was asynchronous, with no severe complications, and most patients did not report specific treatment but simply followed a symptomatic treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Although MPX is endemic in Nigeria, there was no report of the incidence of the disease in the North-Eastern state of Adamawa until January 2022. Pembi et al ( 15 ) reported the first confirmed case of MPX in Adamawa. However, the study did not evaluate the epidemiological profiles of MPX cases in the state nor document the evolving epidemiological dynamics of MPX, particularly with regard to gender susceptibility, age range, MPX-VZV co-infection and human behaviors that may influence zoonotic spillover, and human-human transmission events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria

Stephen

Alele

Olumoh

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundMonkeypox (MPX) is endemic in Nigeria, but it was first reported in Adamawa state, North-Eastern Nigeria, in January 2022. There are currently 172 cases of MPX in Nigeria, with four reported deaths, and Adamawa has the second-highest case count. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the epidemiological profile of this viral disease.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study. The skin and blood samples were screened for the presence for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) DNA by real-time PCR; the clinical diagnosis was based on symptoms of visual signs of skin lesions and other clinical symptoms from January to July 2022.ResultsA total of 33 suspected cases aged 1–57 years [26 (79%) males vs. 7 (21%) females] were screened for MPX and VZV. Twenty-four (72.7%) were positive (6.1% were MPX only, 39% were VZV only, and 27% were both MPX and VZV). Most cases of MPX (82%), VZV (69%) and MPX-VZV co-infection (78%) occurred in males. More than half (54%) of those infected were children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years. All patients experienced body rashes and itching, and other clinical symptoms included fever, headache, mouth sores, muscle aches and lymphadenopathy. Over 64 and 86% of patients had contact with livestock and rodents, respectively.ConclusionMPXV, VZV and MPXV-VZV co-infections occurred predominantly among males and children in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Given the patient contact with rodents and livestock, further research on the animal reservoir is needed to highlight the transmission of MPXV in Adamawa.

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“… 4 Nigeria documented 446 suspected cases and 199 confirmed cases from 18 States during 2017 to 2021. 6 Monkeypox was first detected in the United States of America (USA) in 2003. 7 Monkeypox was recorded among Nigerians travelling to Israel, the United Kingdom (UK), Singapore, and the United States between 2018 and 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid review on monkeypox policies among the G20 nations: relevance to policy and practitioner

et al. 2022

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Background: Monkeypox has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the WHO Director General (WHO-DG). Most of the G20 nations have reported Monkeypox outbreak. Policies developed and implemented in G20 countries for the prevention and control of monkeypox preparedness and response have global consequences. This rapid review aimed to map the monkeypox prevention and control policies planned and implemented in G20 nations in line with temporary recommendations issued by the WHO-DG. Methods: We mapped monkeypox prevention and control policies in G20 nations based on the WHO-DG recommendations. Medline (through PubMed), Scopus, and ProQuest Health and Medical Complete were searched to understand G20 preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic policies. We also performed an extensive gray literature search through the Ministry of Health websites and newspaper through Google. The documents/ studies that had an information on prevention, control and management guidelines/policies and published through journal, news articles and health ministry websites of G20 nations on monkeypox were included. We excluded the editorials, opinion, and perspective papers and studies published prior to May 6, 2022. Results: We obtained 671 articles with 10 articles included in the review. Additionally, we identified 55 documents from the gray literature. We included national guidelines of the 18 countries on the control, prevention, and management of monkeypox. National guidelines were compared with the WHO guidelines in terms of implementing coordinated response, engaging and protecting communities, surveillance and public health measures and international travel, clinical management and infection, prevention and control (IPC) measures and medical countermeasures research. Depending on the availability of resources, some recommendations are followed by nations while others are not. Conclusions: Coordinated response among states is key to contain the transmission of monkeypox. To bring a coordinated response, G20 nations are following temporary recommendations that are context specific to their nation.

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First confirmed case of Monkeypox in Adamawa State, Nigeria: a clinico-epidemiological case report

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria

Rapid review on monkeypox policies among the G20 nations: relevance to policy and practitioner

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