First case of Streptococcus suis infection in Switzerland: An emerging public health problem?

Olearo, Flaminia; Marinosci, Annalisa; Stephan, Roger; Cherkaoui, Abdessalam; Renzi, Gesuèle; Gaïa, Nadia; Leo, Stefano; Lazarević, Vladimir; Schrenzel, Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101590

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The fourth cps2 isolate had a more common ST28 belonging to CC28. One highly virulent human ST1 (cps14) isolate from another study [52] was also part of CC1 harboring mrp + epf + sly + underlining an association between virulence-associated markers epf, mrp, and sly with STs rather than cps types (Figure 3). Three cps2 isolates (ST1103) were classified as MCG group 1, whereas the fourth cps2 isolate (ST28) was part of MCG4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that this isolate was classified as a novel MCG group, absent among the analyzed Swiss porcine isolates, proves an improbable transmission event of this highly virulent pathogenic isolate from Swiss pigs pointing out a different source of infection. The fact that the virulent strain was introduced through a person originating from Moldova importing meat to Switzerland [ 52 ], proves an independent introduction of this zoonotic strain. Furthermore, all cps 4 isolates which are part of CC17 were classified as MCG group 1 with a genotype of mrp S epf + sly + emphasizing a possible increased virulence potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population structure, genetic diversity and pathotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated during the last 13 years from diseased pigs in Switzerland

Scherrer

Rosato

Serrano

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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Streptococcus (S.) suis is a globally important swine pathogen, which comprises certain zoonotic serotypes. In this study, a detailed characterization of 88 porcine S. suis isolates was performed by analyzing capsular (cps) types, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and investigation of the minimum core genome (MCG). In order to focus on the virulence potential of presumable invasive disease-associated S. suis isolates, virulence-associated gene profiles were assessed followed by screening a chosen subset of S. suis strains with a molecular pathotyping tool. Results showed a high genetic variability within this strain collection. In total, seventeen cps types were identified with a predominance of cps type 9 (15.9%) and 6 (14.8%). MLST revealed 48 sequence types (STs) including 41 novel ones. The population structure of S. suis was heterogenous and isolates belonged to eight different clonal complexes (CCs) including CC28 (9.1%), CC1109 (8%), CC13/149 (6.8%), CC1237 (5.7%), CC1 (3.4%), CC17 (3.4%), CC87 (2.3%), and CC1112 (1.1%), whereas a significant portion of isolates (60.2%) could not be assigned to any described CCs. Virulence-associated markers, namely extracellular protein factor (epf), muramidase-released protein (mrp), and suilysin (sly), showed a link with STs rather than with cps types. With this study an expanded knowledge about the population structure and the genetic diversity of S. suis could be achieved, which helps to contribute to an optimal public health surveillance system by promoting a focus on strains with an increased virulence and zoonotic potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure, genetic diversity and pathotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated during the last 13 years from diseased pigs in Switzerland

Scherrer

Rosato

Serrano

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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“…Later on, the serotyping of the S. suis strain was identified as serotype 14, based on a high-resolution melting assay. According to EUCAST breakpoint criteria, the susceptibility tests revealed multi-susceptible isolates; subsequently, empiric antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone) was de-escalated (to penicillin G for 22 days) until the patient has left the hospital [ 102 ]. Based on sequencing analysis, this human strain is not genetically close to strains originating from swine previously isolated in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strain was sequence type ST1 (PubMLST ID: 2250), which was new type from Switzerland. The average nucleotide identity of this strain was between 94.0% and 99.9%, when compared to previously deposited full sequences of S. suis genomes [ 102 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus suis: An Underestimated Emerging Pathogen in Hungary?

et al. 2020

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Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, demonstrated as an etiological agent in human infections in increasing frequency, including diseases like purulent meningitis, sepsis, uveitis-endophtalmitis and arthritis. Due to the increased availability and utility of novel diagnostic technologies in clinical microbiology, more studies have been published on the epidemiology of S. suis, both in veterinary and human medicine; however, there are no comprehensive data available regarding human S. suis infections from East-Central European countries. As a part of our study, data were collected from the National Bacteriological Surveillance (NBS) system on patients who had at least one positive microbiological result for S. suis, corresponding to an 18-year study period (2002–2019). n = 74 S. suis strains were isolated from invasive human infections, corresponding to 34 patients. The number of affected patients was 1.89 ± 1.53/year (range: 0–5). Most isolates originated from blood culture (63.5%) and cerebrospinal fluid (18.9%) samples. Additionally, we present detailed documentation of three instructive cases from three regions of the country and with three distinctly different outcomes. Hungary has traditional agriculture, the significant portion of which includes the production and consumption of pork meat, with characteristic preparation and consumption customs and unfavorable epidemiological characteristics (alcohol consumption, prevalence of malignant diseases or diabetes), which have all been described as important predisposing factors for the development of serious infections. Clinicians and microbiologist need to be vigilant even in nonendemic areas, especially if the patients have a history of occupational hazards or having close contact with infected pigs.

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“…We can today apply NGS to study the core and/or whole genome (Genomics; Figure 1) to infer any kind of molecular typing from MLST to vaccine antigens (Peŕez-Losada et al, 2018;Muzzi et al, 2019;Leo et al, 2020) and even study clonal relationships by investigating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or genomic recombination events (Didelot and Wilson, 2015;Donner et al, 2020;Olearo et al, 2020;Pham et al, 2020;Scherrer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Next-generation Sequencing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini Review: Clinical Routine Microbiology in the Era of Automation and Digital Health

Leo

Cherkaoui

Renzi

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Clinical microbiology laboratories are the first line to combat and handle infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance, including newly emerging ones. Although most clinical laboratories still rely on conventional methods, a cascade of technological changes, driven by digital imaging and high-throughput sequencing, will revolutionize the management of clinical diagnostics for direct detection of bacteria and swift antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Importantly, such technological advancements occur in the golden age of machine learning where computers are no longer acting passively in data mining, but once trained, can also help physicians in making decisions for diagnostics and optimal treatment administration. The further potential of physically integrating new technologies in an automation chain, combined to machine-learning-based software for data analyses, is seducing and would indeed lead to a faster management in infectious diseases. However, if, from one side, technological advancement would achieve a better performance than conventional methods, on the other side, this evolution challenges clinicians in terms of data interpretation and impacts the entire hospital personnel organization and management. In this mini review, we discuss such technological achievements offering practical examples of their operability but also their limitations and potential issues that their implementation could rise in clinical microbiology laboratories.

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First case of Streptococcus suis infection in Switzerland: An emerging public health problem?

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Population structure, genetic diversity and pathotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated during the last 13 years from diseased pigs in Switzerland

Population structure, genetic diversity and pathotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated during the last 13 years from diseased pigs in Switzerland

Streptococcus suis: An Underestimated Emerging Pathogen in Hungary?

Mini Review: Clinical Routine Microbiology in the Era of Automation and Digital Health

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