First Case of Human Brucellosis Caused by<i>Brucella melitensis</i>in Korea

Kim, Hyeong Nyeon; Hur, Mina; Moon, Hee‐Jong; Shim, Hee Sook; Kim, Hyeong-Su; Ji, Misuk; Yun, Yeo‐Min; Kim, Sung Yong; Um, Jihye; Lee, Yeong Seon; Hwang, Seon Do

doi:10.3343/alm.2016.36.4.390

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Since then, human brucellosis incidence has been on the decline due to active eradication policies, with fewer than 10 cases per year since 2014 [ 23 ]. However, imported cases of B. melitensis have been reported [ 24 , 25 ], requiring vigilance by CMLs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay in the diagnosis of Brucella abortus bacteremia in a nonendemic country: a case report

Park,

Kim,

Park

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background It is challenging to diagnose brucellosis in nonendemic regions because it is a nonspecific febrile disease. The accurate identification of Brucella spp. in clinical microbiology laboratories (CMLs) continues to pose difficulties. Most reports of misidentification are for B. melitensis, and we report a rare case of misidentified B. abortus. Case presentation A 67-year-old man visited an outpatient clinic complaining of fatigue, fever, and weight loss. The patient had a history of slaughtering cows with brucellosis one year prior, and his Brucella antibody tests were negative twice. After blood culture, the administration of doxycycline and rifampin was initiated. The patient was hospitalized due to a positive blood culture. Gram-negative coccobacilli were detected in aerobic blood culture bottles, but the CML's lack of experience with Brucella prevented appropriate further testing. Inaccurate identification results were obtained for a GN ID card of VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, USA) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS) using a MALDI Biotyper (Bruker, Germany). The strain showed 100.0% identity with Brucella spp. according to 16S rRNA sequencing. MALDI–TOF MS peaks were reanalyzed using the CDC MicrobeNet database to determine Brucella spp. (score value: 2.023). The patient was discharged after nine days of hospitalization and improved after maintaining only doxycycline for six weeks. The isolate was also identified as Brucella abortus by genomic evidence. Conclusion Automated identification instruments and MALDI–TOF MS are widely used to identify bacteria in CMLs, but there are limitations in accurately identifying Brucella spp. It is important for CMLs to be aware of the possibility of brucellosis through communication with clinicians. Performing an analysis with an additional well-curated MALDI–TOF MS database such as Bruker security-relevant (SR) database or CDC MicrobeNet database is helpful for quickly identifying the genus Brucella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay in the diagnosis of Brucella abortus bacteremia in a nonendemic country: a case report

Park,

Kim,

Park

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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“…The risk of human brucellosis increases in rural regions, with the highest risk from bovine brucellosis [ 9 ]. The first case of human brucellosis caused by B. melitensis [ 10 ] and a foodborne outbreak of human brucellosis (n = 5) in South Korea was reported between 2012 and 2013 [ 11 ]. In Hong Kong, six patients were diagnosed with brucellosis in 2010.…”

Section: Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Long ignored but making a comeback: a worldwide epidemiological evolution of human brucellosis

Liu,

Gao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Brucellosis is a commonly neglected zoonosis that remains a serious global public health concern. The epidemiological evolution of human brucellosis has considerably changed over the past few decades, and epidemic geography is continuously expanding. Human brucellosis is emerging and re-emerging, and is imported from areas where it is endemic due to travel, immigration, and international trade. The disease continues to be prevalent in Asia and Africa, including West Asia, Central Asia, North Africa, and East Africa, with the highest incidence in Syria, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Iran, Algeria, and Kenya. Re-emerging cases are frequently recorded in places where brucellosis has been controlled, such as Bosnia, Herzegovina, Azerbaijan, and the USA. In countries with a high disease burden, disease control and eradication have been extremely difficult because of livestock farming being the only source of livelihood, unique religious beliefs regarding animals, nomadic lifestyle, and low socioeconomic levels. Interventions focused on protecting livestock keepers are needed, particularly for those assisting with goat and sheep births and the consumption of raw dairy products. Notably, in most countries with a high disease burden, each period of several years with a low incidence rate was followed by a subsequent increase in cases, highlighting the necessity of continuous investment and surveillance. In addition, advocacy for the inclusion of brucellosis as a globally mandated reported disease, strict restrictions on animal movement, mandated consumption of pasteurized milk, and health education are needed. This study will help form an evidence-based strategy for international organizations to curb the future spread of brucellosis.

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Pathophysiology, Current Therapeutic Options, Vaccine Candidates, and Drug Targets for Human Brucellosis

Pritam

Kumar

2023

CMP

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Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by different species of Brucella bacteria. It is also known as Malta fever, one of the neglected diseases that can cause infection in both animals and humans. Although human-to-human infection is rare, it can spread through the inhalation of airborne agents, and if left untreated, it can lead to serious health complications. In this review, we aim to highlight the pathophysiology, prevention, epidemiology, mitigation, cure, targets for drug development, and vaccine development against human brucellosis. Human brucellosis is mainly caused by consuming unpasteurized milk or dairy products, uncooked meat, and contact with infected animals. Human brucellosis outbreaks are mainly associated with developing and low- to middle-income countries. Brucella is present all over the world, and only some of the regions are at high risk, including Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Mexico, South and Central America, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean Basin, and the Middle East. Because of intracellular survival, inhibition of apoptosis, and immune evasion, Brucella can survive and multiply inside the host cell, which can cause chronic disease. By using proteomics approaches, several new drug targets were reported for human brucellosis that can be used for the development of novel drugs. We can also develop an efficient vaccine against human brucellosis by exploring previously reported vaccine candidates against animal brucellosis. The information provided through this review will facilitate research to control and cure human brucellosis and its complicated symptoms.

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First Case of Human Brucellosis Caused byBrucella melitensisin Korea

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Delay in the diagnosis of Brucella abortus bacteremia in a nonendemic country: a case report

Delay in the diagnosis of Brucella abortus bacteremia in a nonendemic country: a case report

Long ignored but making a comeback: a worldwide epidemiological evolution of human brucellosis

Pathophysiology, Current Therapeutic Options, Vaccine Candidates, and Drug Targets for Human Brucellosis

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