First application of carbon-based screen-printed electrodes for the voltammetric determination of the organic UV filters oxybenzone and octocrylene

Abstract

A new voltammetric methodology is proposed for the simultaneous determination of the organic UV filters oxybenzone (benzophenone 3, BP3) and octocrylene (OC) in personal care products and in wastewater extracts. It is based on previous adsorptive stripping voltammetric (AdSV) methods developed for hanging mercury drop electrodes, adapted to the special characteristics of carbon-based screen-printed electrodes. Among the carbon substrates tested, regular carbon screen-printed devices exhibited the best performance, with detection limits of 4.8 and 6.6 μmol L -1 and linearity ranges of 16-400 and 22-400 μmol L -1 for BP3 and OC, respectively, and, as compared to mercury electrodes, with the advantages of environmental safety, easy of use, low cost and compatibility with automation and flow measurements. The methodology has been successfully tested in real samples and compared to the standard methodology by liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Electroanalysis from the past to the twenty-first century: challenges and perspectives

“…Among key pollutants, not only usual analytes like heavy metal ions or pesticides are considered but also emerging substances such as UV filters, pharmaceutical products or anticorrosive agents. For these contaminants, voltammetry at screen-printed electrodes is yielding promising results, especially when preconcentration at the electrodes is possible, which allows quite low detection limits by means of stripping techniques [59,60]. In some cases, preconcentration can be made by redox processes or adsorption at the bare electrode, but this usually requires some kind of selective materials that can be bismuth or antimony films, metal chelators, peptides, and nanoparticles.…”

Screen-Printed Electrodes for the Voltammetric Sensing of Benzotriazoles in Water

“…Very recently, we have developed and applied successful methodologies for the determination of organic UV filters [33] and pharmaceuticals [34] in water by using SPEs.…”

“…Screen-printed devices have found promising applications in the environmental analysis because of their suitability for on-site analysis, supported by their linear output, low power requirement, quick response, high sensitivity, and capability to operate at room temperature [32]. Very recently, we have developed and applied successful methodologies for the determination of organic UV filters [33] and pharmaceuticals [34] in water by using SPEs.…”

MCR-ALS of voltammetric data for the study of environmentally relevant substances

“…Now that many pharmaceutical products are becoming emerging pollutants in the environment, methods like these could be adapted to the determination of these substances in environmental samples, where they exist in much lower concentrations and with quite complex matrices. Organic UV filters and, in general, personal care products are another group of emerging pollutants susceptible to be determined in environmental samples with electrochemical sensors enhanced by chemometric tools like MCR-ALS [67]. Indeed, chemometric methods in general and MCR-ALS in particular have been extensively used to determine organic pollutants in environmental samples, but the proportion of electroanalytical methods in these studies is still rather small [6].…”