Firm Lobbying versus Sectoral Organization: The Analysis of Business-State Relations in Post-Communist Russia

Women in Local Politics in Russia: Coping with Poverty and Strategies for Development

“…15 In e ect, this means that the non-strategic 14 ree years later, some of the projects were completed by means of borrowed money, but the cottages that had been built at the construction of a ski tourism resort area three years earlier were still empty. 15 is is in line with repeated statements by Medvedev in which he put emphasis on the urgent need for development of small and medium-sized rms (for example in the sectors are given free reign to develop and that they are le to the local level to care about (Duvanova 2011). Policy options at the local political level also vary depending on connections to sectors and the access to the resources of these (Chebankova 2010;Vartapetov 2011).…”

“…What actually is at stake here is access to not only formal structures, but also to the informal ones (Sakwa 2011). en there is also the power relation between entrepreneurs and those in charge at di erent political levels (Duvanova 2011). is also shows how local funding; available through local rms for community development, and local welfare are a ected by the structure of the overall Russian economy.…”

Too big, too quick?

“…Such informal institutions still occupied a prominent place in the nineties when barter's networks were used to face the hardening of monetary conditions in a context of radical uncertainty (Huber and Wörgötter, 1998;Ould-Ahmed, 2003) and appeared to be long a lasting feature of postcommunist economies (Puffer, McCarthy and Boisot, 2009). This phenomenon is probably even greater in sector highly concentrated such as the metallurgy where business-State relations take the form of direct connections between political personal and business leaders rather than formal relations through business associations (Duvanova, 2011).…”

Governors and Governing Institutions: A Comparative Study of State-Business Relations in Russia's Regions

“…A number of scholars focused on the role of formal institutions and, specifically, business associations in providing firms with lobbying services and collective action opportunities that became especially important in the new environment of a more consolidated bureaucratic state machine in the 2000s (Duvanova 2011;Pyle 2009;Markus 2007;Yakovlev 2006;Frye 2002). More recently, scholars exploring state-business relations in Russia's evolving institutional landscape emphasized the importance of both formal and informal institutions on the regional level (Rochlitz 2013;Bruno et al 2013;Frye, Yakovlev, Yasin 2009).…”