Fires, vegetation, and human—The history of critical transitions during the last 1000 years in Northeastern Mongolia

Słowiński, Michał; Obremska, Milena; Dashtseren, Avirmed; Woszczyk, Michał; Adiya, Saruulzaya; Łuców, Dominika; Mroczkowska, Agnieszka; Halaś, Agnieszka; Szczuciński, Witold; Kruk, Andrzej; Lamentowicz, Mariusz; Stańczak, Joanna; Rudaya, Natalia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155660

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…As noted by Novenko et al (2015, 2018) in the last 400–350 years, in the area of the central part of European Russia, there was an increased accumulation of peat, with a simultaneous decrease in humification, and a number of testate amoebae clusters were recorded, which indicates moist and acidic conditions. Deforestation led to higher surface runoff which resulted in an increase in local ground moisture, which led to the change of previously existing dry forests into peat-spruce forests (Lamentowicz et al, 2019; Słowiński et al, 2021, 2022). At that time, there is also a large influx of inorganic matter from the slopes, which is associated with deforestation for agriculture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting intense slope processes in Eastern Europe during the Modern Period: Serteyka river valley, Russia

Piech,

Hrynowiecka,

Stachowicz-Rybka

et al. 2024

The Holocene

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Detailed palaeogeographical studies of the accumulative fan in the Serteyka River valley in W Russia and underlying biogenic deposits were carried out. The base of a representative core of biogenic sediments in the distal zone is dated to 1291 BC, while its top to 1631 AD. In this paper, palynological, plant macrofossils, Chironomide and Cladocera, geochemical, geochronological and sedimentological analysis were performed. Four phases of biogenic deposition were distinguished by pollen and geochemical analyses. Two of them coincide with the climatic fluctuation during Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age. During the formation of the fan, overbank deposits were accumulated also, indicating numerous and intense floods, which are in line with the trend observed for other sites in this region. The accumulative fan is formed by lower, middle and upper deluvia and agricultural diamicton in its top. All units have specific sedimentological and geochemical features as well as low admixture of plant macrofossils. The beginning of the formation of this relief form dates back to the second half of the 17th century AD, and the end of the accumulation falls on the second half of the 18th century AD. Our work suggests that natural conditions had an impact on the formation and development of studied accumulative fan, however, the decisive factor causing the intensification of the slope processes were related with deforestation resulted from strong human impact, which was marked in palynological and macrofossils analyses (e.g. increase in the contribution of plants macrofossils related to agriculture).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting intense slope processes in Eastern Europe during the Modern Period: Serteyka river valley, Russia

Piech,

Hrynowiecka,

Stachowicz-Rybka

et al. 2024

The Holocene

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“…1a). For example, humans have directly modified vegetation type and density for 77% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface, primarily through agriculture, with myriad consequences for fuel characteristics and ignition sources (Balch et al, 2017a; Bowman et al, 2011; Marlon et al, 2008; Słowiński et al, 2022; Watson et al, 2018). Understanding the characteristics and sensitivity of fire regime change is crucial for sustainable land management as well as climate change mitigation, adaptation, and planning (Cochrane & Bowman, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing changes in global fire regimes

Sayedi

2023

Preprint

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Human activity has fundamentally altered wildfire on Earth, creating serious consequences for human health, global biodiversity, and climate change. However, it remains difficult to predict fire interactions with land use, management, and climate change, representing a serious knowledge gap and vulnerability. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 98 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. Respondents indicated that direct human activity was already influencing wildfires locally since at least ~12,000 years BP, though natural climate variability remained the dominant driver of fire regime until around 5000 years BP. Responses showed a ten-fold increase in the rate of wildfire regime change during the last 250 years compared with the rest of the Holocene, corresponding first with the intensification and extensification of land use and later with anthropogenic climate change. Looking to the future, fire regimes were predicted to intensify, with increases in fire frequency, severity, and/or size in all biomes except grassland ecosystems. Fire regime showed quite different climate sensitivities across biomes, but the likelihood of fire regime change increased with higher greenhouse gas emission scenarios for all biomes. Biodiversity, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services were predicted to decrease for most biomes under higher emission scenarios. We present recommendations for adaptation and mitigation under emerging fire regimes, concluding that management options are seriously constrained under higher emission scenarios.

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Regional variability in peatland burning at mid-to high-latitudes during the Holocene

Sim

Swindles

Morris

et al. 2023

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Fires, vegetation, and human—The history of critical transitions during the last 1000 years in Northeastern Mongolia

Cited by 5 publications

References 104 publications

Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting intense slope processes in Eastern Europe during the Modern Period: Serteyka river valley, Russia

Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting intense slope processes in Eastern Europe during the Modern Period: Serteyka river valley, Russia

Assessing changes in global fire regimes

Regional variability in peatland burning at mid-to high-latitudes during the Holocene

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