Fire survival of the Critically Endangered succulent, <i>Euphorbia clivicola</i> R.A. Dyer – fire‐avoider or fire‐tolerant?

Pfab, M.F.; Witkowski, E.T.F.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2028.1999.00176.x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A greater number of young individuals could be found in recently burned areas, whilst adult individuals were often found in abandoned areas without fire. These results reinforce the hypothesis that fire might enhance regeneration by resprouting after plant damage (Pfab and Witkowski 1999). When burns are frequent, vegetative reproduction will occur at high rates.…”

Section: Resprouting Capacitysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…germination, seedling establishment and survival and reproduction of established individuals. Some species exhibit higher fecundity rates and reproductive output after burning (Quintana-Ascencio and Menges 2000;QuintanaAscencio et al 2002;Bowen and Pate 2004), whilst others can regrowth after plant damaging (Pfab and Witkowski 1999). For some plant populations, vegetative reproduction stimulated by fire disturbances is more important than sexual reproduction for the population growth rate (Hoffmann 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Effects of disturbance on population biology of the rosette species Eryngium horridum Malme in grasslands in southern Brazil

et al. 2007

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The Southern Grassland biome in Brazil has long been neglected by the government and by the scientific community as well. Lack of studies about the effects of disturbance (mostly fire and grazing) on plant community and populations are the main hindrances for the future management plans, which complicates the conservation of this rich and unique biome. In this study, the population biology of a rosette species, Eryngium horridum (Apiaceae), has been investigated, in order to compare the effects of fire, grazing and abandonment. E. horridum is a very common species and many farmers consider it a nuisance. Two different areas were chosen for the study purposes: Morro Santana and the Research Center Pró-Mata. Areas under different types (fire and grazing) and disturbance histories were compared. Populations were analysed in plots of 25 m 2 , divided in age-state classes (seedlings, young, adult and reproductive individuals). Both morphological and phenological traits have been investigated. Fire influenced populations in a direct way, whilst grazing showed an indirect effect. Seedlings were found only in areas excluded from disturbance for 3 years on Morro Santana. Due to this, seedling establishment might be more related to environmental conditions than to disturbance regimes. Young individuals were mainly found in recently burned areas, while adult individuals were dominant in areas excluded from disturbance. Additionally, individuals from E. horridum showed a great capacity of resprouting after plant damage. Reproductive individuals also showed the capacity of producing new rosettes after the death of the inflorescence axis. This strategy is probably of great importance for the survival of populations in areas excluded from disturbance. Therefore, vegetative reproduction seemed to be the most important strategy for the maintenance and survival of its populations, allowing longer population persistence over time, even in the absence of disturbance.

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Section: Resprouting Capacitysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of disturbance on population biology of the rosette species Eryngium horridum Malme in grasslands in southern Brazil

et al. 2007

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“…Plant demography is affected in some aspects, as for example in differences of adult survival and growth (Menges and Dolan 1998) and on the stage distribution of individuals, with high transition rates from vegetative to generative plants (Satterthwaite et al 2002). In frequent burned sites, fire damages plants and stimulates vegetative regrowth (Pfab and Witkowski 1999). Vegetative reproduction is high, while sexual reproduction appears not to be so important for the population growth rate (Hoffmann 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population biology and regeneration of forbs and shrubs after fire in Brazilian Campos grasslands

et al. 2010

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Fire is an important factor in several ecosystems, affecting plant population biology. Campos grasslands are under constant influence of disturbance, mostly grazing and fire. However, few studies evaluated the effect of fire on plant population biology of grassland species. Therefore, we aim to analyze the effect of fire on the population biology of four species, from different functional groups and regeneration strategies: Chaptalia runcinata (forb, resprouter, absence of belowground organ), Vernonia flexuosa (forb, resprouter, presence of rhizophore), Eupatorium ligulaefolium (shrub, resprouter, presence of xylopodium) and Heterothalamus psiadioides (shrub, obligate seeder). Seven plots were established in different sites in southern Brazil: frequently burned (FB) and excluded from fire since 6 years (E). All plots were subjected to controlled burns during summer. Before experiments, populations were sampled. Further observations were carried out after 90 and after 360 days of fire experiments. In addition, we counted the number of seedlings and resprouters recruited after fire. Heat shock experiments were conducted with two species (H. psiadioides and V. flexuosa), as well as the study of the bud bank of the following species: E. ligulaefolium and V. flexuosa. The obligate seeder species had all individuals killed by fire and established only after 1 year. Resprouters, however, showed new stems immediately after fire. E. ligulaefolium and V. flexuosa showed only vegetative regeneration from belowground organs and more individuals in excluded sites 1 year after the fire. The bud bank of E. ligulaefolium tended to be larger in excluded sites, whilst V. flexuosa showed an opposite result. High temperatures did not enhance nor kill seeds from both studied species. Vegetative regeneration was the most important strategy for all studied species, except for H. psiadioides, the obligate seeder species. Fire thus, plays an important role on population structure and demography, being also important for plant recruitment.

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“…In conclusion, it must be emphasized that simply preventing the destruction of habitat in which populations of a threatened species occur or establishing formal protected areas do not guarantee persistence (Pfab and Witkowski 1999). In situ management to maintain key ecological processes and reduce impacts from threats such as alien species and pollution is vital.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Application of the IUCN Red Listing system to setting species targets for conservation planning purposes

Pfab

Victor

Armstrong³

2011

Biodivers Conserv

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Biodiversity targets, or estimates of the quantities of biodiversity features that should be conserved in a region, are fundamental to systematic conservation planning. We propose that targets for species should be based on the quantitative thresholds developed for the Vulnerable category of the IUCN Red List system, thereby avoiding future listings of species in an IUCN Red List threat category or an increase in the extinction risk, or ultimate extinction, of species already listed as threatened. Examples of this approach are presented for case studies from South Africa, including threatened taxa listed under the IUCN Red List criteria of A to D, a species listed as Near Threatened, a species of conservation concern due to its rarity, and one species in need of recovery. The method gives rise to multiple representation targets, an improvement on the often used single representation targets that are inadequate for long term maintenance of biodiversity or the arbitrary multiple representation and percentage targets that are sometimes adopted. Through the implementation of the resulting conservation plan, these targets will ensure that the conservation status of threatened species do not worsen over time by qualifying for higher categories of threat and may actually improve their conservation status by eliminating the threat of habitat loss and stabilizing population declines. The positive attributes ascribed to the IUCN Red List system, and therefore to the species targets arising from this approach, are important when justifying decisions that limit land uses known to be detrimental to biodiversity.

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Fire survival of the Critically Endangered succulent, Euphorbia clivicola R.A. Dyer – fire‐avoider or fire‐tolerant?

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of disturbance on population biology of the rosette species Eryngium horridum Malme in grasslands in southern Brazil

Effects of disturbance on population biology of the rosette species Eryngium horridum Malme in grasslands in southern Brazil

Population biology and regeneration of forbs and shrubs after fire in Brazilian Campos grasslands

Application of the IUCN Red Listing system to setting species targets for conservation planning purposes

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