Fire structures pine serotiny at different scales

Hernández‐Serrano, Ana; Verdú, Miguel; González‐Martínez, Santiago C.; Pausas, Juli G.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1300182

Cited by 91 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The seeds enclosed in serotinous cones are released several days after a fire, delaying germination until temperature at surface level is decreased, and thus benefiting from optimal post-burn conditions for germination and seedling establishment (i.e. high availability of space and nutrients, low competition for water and light and low predation risk) (Hernández-Serrano et al 2013;Saracino et al 1997). Oppositely, the seeds stored in non-serotinous cones may be very adapted to germinate promptly and grow under less favourable (Tapias et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atlantic, Mediterranean-European, and Maghrebian; Tapias et al 2004), the Atlantic one shows the highest intra-and inter-population variability in fire adaptive traits, especially in the serotiny level (i.e. the percentage of serotinous cones varies among individuals of the same population and among different populations) (Tapias et al 2001(Tapias et al , 2004, which is a heritable character (Hernández-Serrano et al 2014) closely related to the type of fire regime affecting each population (Hernández-Serrano et al 2013;Tapias et al 2004). Serotiny acts as an advantageous reproductive adaptation of P. pinaster populations in fire-prone environments, because (1) the canopy seed bank of the species is relatively small in non-serotinous populations (Tapias et al 2001), and (2) the soil seed bank is insufficient and temporary and ends up irreversibly damaged either by fire-induced temperatures or by post-dispersal predation (De las Heras et al 2012;Ruano et al 2015;Torres et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Provenance and seed mass determine seed tolerance to high temperatures associated to forest fires in Pinus pinaster

Calvo

Hernández

Valbuena

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message We show that Pinus pinaster provenance affects both seed germination and seedling recruitment after fire. This information is crucial for managers to select the best seed-provisioning populations when implementing reforestation programs to assist the natural post-fire regeneration of the species. & Context Reforestation programs to assist natural regeneration of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) forests after wildfires very often neglect the fire-adaptive traits of the selected seed-source populations, threatening future stand resilience to fire. & Aim We investigate the influence of seed provenance and weight on the rate and timing of seed germination, and on early seedling growth of P. pinaster after fire. & Methods We simulated conditions during fire by experimentally submitting free seeds from three P. pinaster provenances with contrasting levels of serotiny (from <6 to >58 % of trees bearing serotinous cones within the population) to six combinations of temperature and exposure time. We fitted GLMs and LMs to test for differences among provenances in reproductive performance after the thermal shock treatments. & Results Heavy seeds derived from the very low serotinous population exhibited greater tolerance to heat (higher germination rate, lower germination time, and higher seedling length) than the lighter ones from the highly serotinous population. & Conclusion The seeds enclosed in serotinous cones are, however, the only ones protected from high fire-induced temperatures, delaying release until favourable post-burn conditions for germination and seedling establishment. Therefore, selecting the best fire-adapted populations with the optimal serotiny level as seed-provisioning sources should be encouraged to ensure forest regrowth in fire-prone areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provenance and seed mass determine seed tolerance to high temperatures associated to forest fires in Pinus pinaster

Calvo

Hernández

Valbuena

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Pinus halepensis generally exhibits a seeder strategy where adults are killed by fire and viable seeds are preserved in serotinous cones in canopy seed banks (Lamont et al, 1991;Tapias et al, 2004). The proportion of serotinous cones and other fire response traits depends on the stands' specific fire regime (Hern andez-Serrano et al, 2013). Recruitment is generally massive and simultaneous in the first rainy season after a fire event and depends primarily on the seeds dispersed from the canopy seed bank.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, some pine species combine variable degrees of serotiny with other characters typical of fire avoiders, e.g. a thickened bark, large and protected buds or self-pruning of the lower branches which prevents understorey fires from reaching the canopy easily (Tapias et al, 2004;Hern andez-Serrano et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Aleppo pine). The species has been exposed to a long fire history in the Mediterranean basin, which has shaped a mosaic of populations adapted to specific local fire regimes (Tapias et al, 2004;Hern andez-Serrano et al, 2013). Pinus halepensis generally exhibits a seeder strategy where adults are killed by fire and viable seeds are preserved in serotinous cones in canopy seed banks (Lamont et al, 1991;Tapias et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased fire frequency promotes stronger spatial genetic structure and natural selection at regional and local scales in Pinus halepensis Mill

et al. 2017

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Background and Aims The recurrence of wildfires is predicted to increase due to global climate change, resulting in severe impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Recurrent fires can drive plant adaptation and reduce genetic diversity; however, the underlying population genetic processes have not been studied in detail. In this study, the neutral and adaptive evolutionary effects of contrasting fire regimes were examined in the keystone tree species Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine), a fire-adapted conifer. The genetic diversity, demographic history and spatial genetic structure were assessed at local (within-population) and regional scales for populations exposed to different crown fire frequencies.Methods Eight natural P. halepensis stands were sampled in the east of the Iberian Peninsula, five of them in a region exposed to frequent crown fires (HiFi) and three of them in an adjacent region with a low frequency of crown fires (LoFi). Samples were genotyped at nine neutral simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and at 251 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from coding regions, some of them potentially important for fire adaptation.Key Results Fire regime had no effects on genetic diversity or demographic history. Three high-differentiation outlier SNPs were identified between HiFi and LoFi stands, suggesting fire-related selection at the regional scale. At the local scale, fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) was overall weak as expected for a wind-pollinated and wind-dispersed tree species. HiFi stands displayed a stronger SGS than LoFi stands at SNPs, which probably reflected the simultaneous post-fire recruitment of co-dispersed related seeds. SNPs with exceptionally strong SGS, a proxy for microenvironmental selection, were only reliably identified under the HiFi regime.Conclusions An increasing fire frequency as predicted due to global change can promote increased SGS with stronger family structures and alter natural selection in P. halepensis and in plants with similar life history traits.

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Jack pine of all trades: Deciphering intraspecific variability of a key adaptive trait at the rear edge of a widespread fire‐embracing North American conifer

Pelletier

Lafontaine

2023

American J of Botany

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Premise: Understanding mechanisms fostering long-term persistence of marginal populations should provide key insights about species resilience facing climate change. Cone serotiny is a key adaptive trait in Pinus banksiana (jack pine), which shows phenotypic variation according to the fire regime. Compared to range-core populations within the fire-prone boreal forest, low and variable serotiny in rear-edge populations suggest local adaptation to uncommon and unpredictable wildfire regime. We assessed environmental/physiological factors that might modulate intraspecific variation in cone serotiny. Methods: We experimentally subjected closed cones to incrementing temperatures, then tested seed germination to determine whether and how various ecological factors (cone age, branch height, tree size, tree age) are related to cone dehiscence and seed viability in jack pines from rear-edge and range-core populations in eastern Canada. Results: Cones from rear-edge populations dehisce at a lower opening temperature, which increases with cone age. Cones from range-core stands open at a more constant, yet higher temperature. Cones from rear-edge stands take between 13 and 27 years to reach the level of serotiny achieved at the range core. At the rear edge, seed viability is steady (51%), whereas it decreases from 70% to 30% in 20 years at the range core. Conclusions: We inferred the mechanisms of a bet-hedging strategy in rear-edge populations, which ensures steady recruitment during fire-free intervals and successful postfire regeneration. This capacity to cope with infrequent and unpredictable fire regime should increase the resilience of jack pine populations as global changes alter fire dynamics of the boreal forest.

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Fire structures pine serotiny at different scales

Cited by 91 publications

References 43 publications

Provenance and seed mass determine seed tolerance to high temperatures associated to forest fires in Pinus pinaster

Provenance and seed mass determine seed tolerance to high temperatures associated to forest fires in Pinus pinaster

Increased fire frequency promotes stronger spatial genetic structure and natural selection at regional and local scales in Pinus halepensis Mill

Jack pine of all trades: Deciphering intraspecific variability of a key adaptive trait at the rear edge of a widespread fire‐embracing North American conifer

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