Fire, rodent herbivory, and plant competition: implications for invasion and altered fire regimes in the Mojave Desert

Bishop, Tara B. B.; Gill, Richard; McMillan, Brock R.; Clair, Samuel B. St.

doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04562-2

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…and E. cicutarium. Both can be facilitated by native shrubs (Holzapfel & Mahall, 1999;Lucero et al, 2019; but see Brooks & Berry, 2006), and both can impose competitive effects on native annuals (Bishop et al, 2019;Schutzenhofer & Valone, 2006 Our data reinforce the idea that the SGH does not uniformly "hold water" (Butterfield et al, 2016 Note: Absolute native abundance (pooled across all species; log-transformed) was the response variable; absolute B. rubens ("Bromus") abundance (log-transformed), microsite and de Martonne aridity (A dM ) were fixed factors; and study site was a random factor (not shown). Note that there are no significant effects.…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…links aridity values to site locations the Mojave and San Joaquin Deserts (seeBishop, Gill, McMillan, & St. Clair, 2019). Thus, positive interactions involving strong invaders do not necessarily promote community-level biodiversity and can indirectly erode it.As noted above, intense and important facilitation of B. rubens may have disrupted the ability of the native annual community to form positive associations with shrubs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive associations with native shrubs are intense and important for an exotic invader but not the native annual community across an aridity gradient

Lucero

Seifan

Callaway

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive associations with native shrubs are intense and important for an exotic invader but not the native annual community across an aridity gradient

Lucero

Seifan

Callaway

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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“…These species exploit novel disturbance niches to outcompete native vegetation during post-fire recovery. Consequently, both direct and indirect effects of fire regime change can alter plant community structure and composition with amplifying feedbacks on different aspects of fire regimes including frequency and extent (Bishop et al, 2020; Wan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing changes in global fire regimes

Sayedi

2023

Preprint

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Human activity has fundamentally altered wildfire on Earth, creating serious consequences for human health, global biodiversity, and climate change. However, it remains difficult to predict fire interactions with land use, management, and climate change, representing a serious knowledge gap and vulnerability. We used expert assessment to combine opinions about past and future fire regimes from 98 wildfire researchers. We asked for quantitative and qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, and implications of fire regime change from the beginning of the Holocene through the year 2300. Respondents indicated that direct human activity was already influencing wildfires locally since at least ~12,000 years BP, though natural climate variability remained the dominant driver of fire regime until around 5000 years BP. Responses showed a ten-fold increase in the rate of wildfire regime change during the last 250 years compared with the rest of the Holocene, corresponding first with the intensification and extensification of land use and later with anthropogenic climate change. Looking to the future, fire regimes were predicted to intensify, with increases in fire frequency, severity, and/or size in all biomes except grassland ecosystems. Fire regime showed quite different climate sensitivities across biomes, but the likelihood of fire regime change increased with higher greenhouse gas emission scenarios for all biomes. Biodiversity, carbon storage, and other ecosystem services were predicted to decrease for most biomes under higher emission scenarios. We present recommendations for adaptation and mitigation under emerging fire regimes, concluding that management options are seriously constrained under higher emission scenarios.

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“…Shelters can function like vegetation in some capacity and thus increase the thermal heterogeneity within a given environment, at least in deserts. In California, climate change is interfering with wildfire regimes and altering biological communities (Bishop et al 2019). Not only can post-disturbance recovery of vegetation take decades (Berry et al 2016), but competition and invasion by non-natives are amongst other challenges slowing the recruitment of native vegetation (Bowman et al 2009(Bowman et al , 2011.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Climatic Amelioration in a California Desert: Artificial Shelter Versus Shrub Canopy

Ghazian¹,

Zuliani²,

Lortie³

2020

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Anthropogenic factors such as climate change, land use, urbanization, alongside the spread of invasive species are some of the challenges impacting the arid and semi-arid regions globally. The canopy of many native plants including shrubs and trees not only provides refuge from predators for some animals but also offers a shelter from climatic stressors for other plants. The canopy of native vegetation can thus be a microhabitat critical to the persistence of many species locally, and it is vital to better understand its importance for the conservation and recovery of species in these landscapes. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that triangular and rectangular artificial canopies function similarly to the canopy of resident native shrubs when ameliorating the understory micro-climate. Three light permeabilities including 15%, 50%, and 90% were tested by measuring soil and air temperature with light relative to paired open gap (non-canopied) microsites and shrubs. Shelters offered more stable temperatures and reduction in light compared to the open gap and were not significantly different from established native shrubs. This suggests that this simple, affordable intervention can provide a stopgap solution that approximates natural heterogeneity in climate at fine scales and offers a refuge whilst managers and stakeholders restore native vegetation such as slow-growing and difficult to establish shrubs within this ecosystem.

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Fire, rodent herbivory, and plant competition: implications for invasion and altered fire regimes in the Mojave Desert

Cited by 18 publications

References 64 publications

Positive associations with native shrubs are intense and important for an exotic invader but not the native annual community across an aridity gradient

Positive associations with native shrubs are intense and important for an exotic invader but not the native annual community across an aridity gradient

Assessing changes in global fire regimes

Micro-Climatic Amelioration in a California Desert: Artificial Shelter Versus Shrub Canopy

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