Fire Risk Study of Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Based on QRA

Tong, Shujiao; Zong-zhi, WU; Wang, Rujun; Wu, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.01.144

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…(Al-shanini, Ahmad, & Khan, 2014; E. Zarei et al, 2013;Gant, Narasimhamurthy, Skjold, Jamois, & Proust, 2014;M. J. Jafari, Zarei, & Badri, 2012;Mohammadfam & Zarei, 2015;Parvini & Kordrostami, 2014;Tong et al, 2016;Zarei, Jafari, & Badri, 2013).…”

Section: Worst Case Scenarios Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to statistics, a lot of events and accidents related to the gas industry have happened in refineries around the world. Hence, the safety of refineries have been thoughtfully considered to avoid accidents and protect the safety of personnel, properties, and the environment (E. Zarei et al, 2013;Tong, Wu, Wang, & Wu, 2016). In recent years, various studies with diverse aims and methods have been conducted on different aspects of industrial safety particularly in process industries related to methane gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3rd Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health Proceedings Book

2019

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Introduction: Osteopathy is an emergent health-care profession, present in most of the developed world and since 2013, regulated in Portugal. Osteopaths intervene in a range of health issues in which pain is a very common aspect. Pain is a worldwide problem, affecting all aspects of society. Measurement of pain objectively is yet not possible; even considered unreliable in many circumstances, the standard is selfreported questionnaires. A variety of different scales were used to measure the intensity of pain in Osteopathic research; however, the criteria of the options are not always clear or reported. This review aims to analyze and critically compare the different characteristics of the most used questionnaires by osteopathic researchers for assessing the intensity of pain in randomized controlled trials (RCT). Methodology: A literature search was conducted using 7 electronic databases. This search was conducted for RCT articles studying the efficacy/effectiveness of the osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) intervention in pain. The findings followed the PRISMA statement. Included studies were assessed for the risk of bias (RoB) using the Jadad score. Results and Discussion: 123 studies were identified, and after removal of duplicates and application of the eligibility criteria, 21 articles were included for this review. Nine studies used the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 10cm scale, seven the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 11 points scale, the remaining used other options. Although similar, there are differences in these two scales that may affect the outcomes. Justification of the choice of the evaluation instrument was not always present and not associated with the methodology and the target population. The overall quality of the studies, in terms of RoB, was considered good. Conclusion: VAS and NRS are the choices of most authors. Authors in Osteopathy, or other health care professions should be very clear about the reasons behind the choices for measuring the intensity of pain; these should fit the objectives and study design.

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Section: Worst Case Scenarios Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3rd Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health Proceedings Book

2019

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“…The safety of the oil pipeline network is a priority requirement in the hydrocarbon industry to avoid accidents that may damage the environment and human health. Oil pipeline network requires periodic inspections to detect pipeline failures, which can cause oil leakage with long-term and irreversible impacts on both natural and human environments [1], [2]. In addition, these pipeline damages can generate oil transportation losses and high economic damages [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Análisis aerodinámico de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado con forma de halcón para monitoreo de fugas de hidrocarburos

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The oil pipeline network requires periodic monitoring to detect pipeline damages, which may cause oil leakage with severe environmental contamination. These damages can be generated by interference from third parties such as construction works, sabotage, vandalism, excavations,and illegal oil theft. Todetect the oil pipeline damages,it canbeusedaerodynamic aerial vehicles (UAVs) with infrared cameras and image processing systems. This paperpresents the aerodynamic analysis of a UAV with a hawk shape (wingspan of 2.20 m and length of 1.49 m) for potential application in the detection of oil pipeline failures. A 1:6.5 scale prototype of the UAV is fabricated using a 3D printer. The aerodynamic coefficients of UAV are determined using computational fluiddynamic (CFD) simulations and experimental testing with a subsonic wind tunnel. In addition, the lift and drag coefficients of UAVsare obtained as a function of Reynolds number and angle of attack. Also, the air velocity profile around UAV is estimated with the CFD model. The proposed UAV could decrease the inspection costs of pipeline networks in comparison with the use of helicopters or light aircraft.

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“…In addition, pipeline safety is simultaneously threatened by human factors, such as third-party damage, terrorist attacks, incorrect operation, and design flaws [10,11]. Since the oil and gas pipelines are flammable, explosive, and toxic, any pipeline leakage can cause catastrophic consequences, such as fire, explosions, and environmental pollution [12][13][14]. Hence, risk assessment is used to identify the risk factors relating to uncertainty in pipeline operation, to evaluate the possibility and consequences of accidents, as well as to comprehensively calculate the risk value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment System for Oil and Gas Pipelines Laid in One Ditch Based on Quantitative Risk Analysis

2019

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In view of the vegetation reduction caused by the continuous construction of oil and gaspipelines, the pipelines have been designed to be laid in one ditch to reduce land occupation.However, owing to the small spacing between the pipelines, the fault correlation between pipelineshas been proven to increase the potential hazard of adjacent pipelines and routing environments.The neglect of failure correlation in existing risk assessment methods leads to inaccurate results,which will lead to errors in maintenance decisions. Therefore, this paper proposed a riskassessment system for pipelines using this laying method. In the risk assessment, pipelines laid inone ditch (PLOD) were regarded as a series system relative to the routing environment. Therefore,the functional relationship between the total risk of the pipeline system and the risk of eachpipeline was obtained by combining the engineering system reliability theory with themathematical induction method. In addition, fuzzy set theory combined with fault tree analysiswas used to calculate the failure probability of each pipeline in the system. Event tree analysis wasused to sort out all the possible consequences of pipeline failure, and then the consequences wereunified into monetary units to evaluate the severity of failure consequences. Finally, the two partswere merged into a bow-tie diagram to realize the risk management and control of the pipeline.Meanwhile, risk acceptance criteria were formulated to analyze risks and to guide pipelinemaintenance. This system provides a complete risk assessment system for the pipeline system laidin one ditch, including the methods of risk identification, risk assessment, and risk analysis, whichare of great significance to ensure the safety of the pipeline and the surrounding environment usingthis laying method.

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Fire Risk Study of Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Based on QRA

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

3rd Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health Proceedings Book

3rd Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health Proceedings Book

Análisis aerodinámico de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado con forma de halcón para monitoreo de fugas de hidrocarburos

Risk Assessment System for Oil and Gas Pipelines Laid in One Ditch Based on Quantitative Risk Analysis

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