Fire Responses to the 2010 and 2015/2016 Amazonian Droughts

Silva, Celso; Anderson, Liana O.; Silva, Alindomar L.; Almeida, Catherine Torres de; Dalagnol, Ricardo; Pletsch, Mikhaela Aloísia Jéssie Santos; Penha, Thales Vaz; Paloschi, Rennan Andres; Aragão, Luiz E. O. C.

doi:10.3389/feart.2019.00097

Cited by 55 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Our focus on aboveground carbon could explain why our estimate of the El Niño impact over this region was lower than what was observed. Meanwhile, in the Amazon, where aboveground biomass is the predominant driver of the carbon cycle, the areas identified as high-risk in this study corresponded with areas where fires occurred during EN2015 [32,33] (Figure S7), confirming the importance of integrating ignition potential into our risk metrics.…”

Section: Do These Spatial Maps Of Relative El Niño Risk Match Areas Ksupporting

confidence: 66%

A Spatial and Temporal Risk Assessment of the Impacts of El Niño on the Tropical Forest Carbon Cycle: Theoretical Framework, Scenarios, and Implications

et al. 2019

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Strong El Niño events alter tropical climates and may lead to a negative carbon balance in tropical forests and consequently a disruption to the global carbon cycle. The complexity of tropical forests and the lack of data from these regions hamper the assessment of the spatial distribution of El Niño impacts on these ecosystems. Typically, maps of climate anomaly are used to detect areas of greater risk, ignoring baseline climate conditions and forest cover. Here, we integrated climate anomalies from the 1982–1983, 1997–1998, and 2015–2016 El Niño events with baseline climate and forest edge extent, using a risk assessment approach to hypothetically assess the spatial and temporal distributions of El Niño risk over tropical forests under several risk scenarios. The drivers of risk varied temporally and spatially. Overall, the relative risk of El Niño has been increasing driven mainly by intensified forest fragmentation that has led to a greater chance of fire ignition and increased mean annual air temperatures. We identified areas of repeated high risk, where conservation efforts and fire control measures should be focused to avoid future forest degradation and negative impacts on the carbon cycle.

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Section: Do These Spatial Maps Of Relative El Niño Risk Match Areas Ksupporting

confidence: 66%

A Spatial and Temporal Risk Assessment of the Impacts of El Niño on the Tropical Forest Carbon Cycle: Theoretical Framework, Scenarios, and Implications

et al. 2019

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“…However, it is not clear the direct influence of negative and positive phases of the ENSO because the precipitation response in the continent varies widely (Pereira et al ., 2014). It should be noted that drought driven by the presence of ENSO can substantially increase the litter/combustible material magnifying the environmental vulnerability for fire occurrence (Silva Junior et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation fire activity and the Potential Fire Index (PFIv2) performance in the last two decades (2001–2016)

Silva

Justino

Setzer

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Fire incidence has been linked to multiple factors such as climate conditions, population density, agriculture, and lightning. Recently, fire frequency and severity have induced health problems and contributed to increase atmospheric greenhouse gases. Based on atmospheric susceptibility to fire, this study evaluates the use of a Potential Fire Index (PFIv2) to identify regions prone to fire development, as demonstrated by the satellite detected-fire in the 2001-2016 interval. It is demonstrated that PFIv2 delivers an efficiency by up to 80% in matching the observed fires from Terra/MODIS satellite. The PFIv2 is also able to reproduce more accurately areas with fire activity with respect to its previous version, the PFI. This better performance is linked to the implementation of parameterization of water pressure deficit and atmospheric stability in the lower troposphere, and a new term to represent the effect of surface temperatures, particularly in mid-latitudes and extra-Tropics. To evaluate the performance of the PFIv2 in more details, its comparison to MODIS burned areas demonstrated correlations values higher than 0.6 over the most susceptible regions such as Africa and South America, slightly lower correlation is found where fire does not primary follows the climate annual cycle, and is dominated by high frequency events. These findings indicate that the PFIv2 can be an important tool for decision makers in predicting the potential for vegetation fires development and fire danger.

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“…These conditions of thermal and drought stress have multiple effects in Amazonian ecosystems. An intensified dry season can particularly increase the frequency of fires (Silva Junior et al., 2019), reduce net primary productivity and accelerate canopy turnover (Leitold et al., 2018). Drier conditions can lead to an overall decrease in BVOC production (although drought may induce transient GLV emission (Jardine, Chambers, et al, 2015; Figure 6).…”

Section: Climate Change Land‐use Change and Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazonian biogenic volatile organic compounds under global change

Yáñez‐Serrano

Bourtsoukidis

Alves

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play important roles at cellular, foliar, ecosystem and atmospheric levels. The Amazonian rainforest represents one of the major global sources of BVOCs, so its study is essential for understanding BVOC dynamics. It also provides insights into the role of such large and biodiverse forest ecosystem in regional and global atmospheric chemistry and climate. We review the current information on Amazonian BVOCs and identify future research priorities exploring biogenic emissions and drivers, ecological interactions, atmospheric impacts, depositional processes and modifications to BVOC dynamics due to changes in climate and land cover. A feedback loop between Amazonian BVOCs and the trends of climate and land-use changes in Amazonia is then constructed. Satellite observations and model simulation time series demonstrate the validity of the proposed loop showing a combined effect of climate change and deforestation on BVOC emission in Amazonia. A decreasing trend of isoprene during the wet season, most likely due to forest biomass loss, and an increasing trend of the sesquiterpene to isoprene ratio during the dry season suggest increasing temperature stress-induced emissions due to climate change. K E Y W O R D S air chemistry, Amazonia, biogenic volatile organic compounds, climate, depositional processes, ecological interactions, global change, land cover, land use | 4723 YÁÑEZ-SERRANO Et Al.

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Fire Responses to the 2010 and 2015/2016 Amazonian Droughts

Cited by 55 publications

References 83 publications

A Spatial and Temporal Risk Assessment of the Impacts of El Niño on the Tropical Forest Carbon Cycle: Theoretical Framework, Scenarios, and Implications

A Spatial and Temporal Risk Assessment of the Impacts of El Niño on the Tropical Forest Carbon Cycle: Theoretical Framework, Scenarios, and Implications

Vegetation fire activity and the Potential Fire Index (PFIv2) performance in the last two decades (2001–2016)

Amazonian biogenic volatile organic compounds under global change

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