Fire-induced failure of a propane tank: Some lessons to be learnt

Tan, D M; Xu, Jie; Venart, J. E. S.

doi:10.1243/095440803766612757

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…1. The present approach, which allows assessing in a decoupled manner the thermal and hydraulic behaviour of fired tanks, is similar to the one used by Tan et al [24]. This supports the validity of the applied methodology, and allows carrying out a detailed analysis.…”

Section: Model Set Upsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Although several simplified models [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and some more detailed approaches [22][23][24] were proposed in the literature for the calculation of the time to failure of LPG tanks engulfed by fires, scarce work was done to understand in detail the effects of protective coatings on the time to failure of pressurized tanks. In the present study, an approach based on finite element modeling (FEM) was selected to explore the problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the performance of coated LPG tanks engulfed in fires

Landucci

Molag

Cozzani

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Model Set Upsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the performance of coated LPG tanks engulfed in fires

Landucci

Molag

Cozzani

2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…There is a negligible probability that an attack on an LNG tank (whether on land or afloat) would cause an explosion, although a fierce fire would likely burn for up to an hour. Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions are not uncommon for liquefied petroleum gas and other chemicals, but none has been observed during experiments or in the 30 years of LNG trade (36)(37)(38). Worldwide, approximately 30 tanker safety incidents have occurred since commercial shipping began in 1959, of which 12 involved LNG spillage, but none resulted in a fire or explosion.…”

Section: Attack Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Infrastructure and Security

Farrell

Zerriffi

Dowlatabadi

2004

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

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Concerns about safeguarding key infrastructures (such as energy, communications, banking, and roads) from deliberate attack are long-standing, but since the end to the cold war, emphasis has turned to the possible impacts of terrorism. Activities to address these concerns are sometimes called critical infrastructure protection (CIP), a concept that is somewhat different from the one of "energy security," which focuses on politically and economically motivated supply interruptions. Different elements of the energy infrastructure are characterized by distinct vulnerabilities. Breaches of security in nuclear plants can lead to large-scale environmental disasters-but the infrastructure is concentrated and relatively easy to guard. Oil and gas production, transportation, and refining infrastructures are often spatially concentrated, and disruptions can lead to shortages if supply is not restored before stockpiles are exhausted. Traditional electricity infrastructures suffer from the need for system-wide integrity to ensure supply reliability, having critical facilities spatially concentrated (substations), and insignificant storage capacity for emergency supply. This review discusses how energy infrastructure and security are related, how this relationship differs from traditional energy security concepts, and what it may mean for private and policy decisions. Key concepts include redundancy, diversity, resilience, storage, decentralization, and interdependence. The concept of CIP is still relatively new and is likely to evolve over time, possibly away from a "guards, gates, and guns" defensive approach and toward a design approach that yields systems that are inherently harder to successfully attack. Such survivable systems may feature distributed intelligence, control, and operations.

show abstract

Letter to the editor

Venart

2005

Process Safety Progress

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An iterative solution is developed for the calculation of the best achievable (minimum variance) PID control performance and the corresponding optimal PID setting in an existing control loop. An analytic expression is derived for the closed‐loop output as an explicit function of PID setting. The resulting benchmark allows for realistic performance assessment of an existing PID control loop, especially when the control loop fails to meet the minimum variance performance. A PID performance index is then defined based on the PID performance bound, and its confidence interval is estimated. A series of simulated examples are used to demonstrate the utility of the proposed method. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 1211–1218, 2004

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Fire-induced failure of a propane tank: Some lessons to be learnt

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Modeling the performance of coated LPG tanks engulfed in fires

Modeling the performance of coated LPG tanks engulfed in fires

Energy Infrastructure and Security

Letter to the editor

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