Fire Evacuation Process Using Both Elevators and Staircases for Aging People: Simulation Case Study on Personnel Distribution in High-Rise Nursing Home

Chen, Yameng; Chen, Wang; Yap, Jeffrey Boon Hui; Li, Heng; Hu, Hong Song; Chen, Chih‐Cheng; Lai, Kuei‐Kuei

doi:10.1155/2020/5365126

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the results regarding the number of elevators used for evacuation indicate that the shortest TCT is achieved when all four elevators are used for evacuation and when the ratio of elevator users is high. These findings match well with the study of Chen et al [43] and Ding et al [44], who showed that allowing a specified proportion of occupants to use elevators for evacuation and increasing the number of elevators in use were the most effective means of decreasing evacuation time.…”

Section: ) Parametric Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

Towards a Smart Elevator-Aided Fire Evacuation Scheme in High-Rise Apartment Buildings for Elderly

et al. 2022

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Staircase evacuation is the major means of fire evacuation for current high-rise residential buildings. However, its feasibility may be questioned as more and more senior citizens live there in the future. The weakness in physical strength and mobility impairment of elderly people may impede the successful implementation of staircase evacuation. It is therefore reasonable to consider using elevators for overall evacuation in high-rise residential buildings. However, enhancing the fire protection of elevators and efficiently controlling the elevator-aided evacuation operations are two major difficulties for applying elevators in building fire evacuation. Recently, the use of smart control for building facility management has become a hot issue in built environment studies. An enabling solution for smart elevator-aided building fire evacuation (SEABFE) is proposed in this article. The solution supports the SEABFE by determining the safer and more efficient elevator-aided evacuation strategy based on real-time fire ground and evacuation progress on the scene. A simulated case study of fire evacuation in a typical high-rise residential building shows that the proposed SEABFE can be successfully performed. Apart from keeping the elevator operation safe, the planned elevator-aided evacuation strategy may save 38.0% of the time compared with the strategy using only staircases in the scene.

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Section: ) Parametric Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

Towards a Smart Elevator-Aided Fire Evacuation Scheme in High-Rise Apartment Buildings for Elderly

et al. 2022

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“…A broader perspective has been adopted by M. Manley (2011) [27], who applied an agent-based simulation method incorporating heterogeneous populations. In the same vein, [28] Yameng Chen (2020) studied the impact of the distribution of the elderly with different physical conditions in evacuation, and Jeongin Koo represents new evacuation strategies for a heterogeneous population in high-rise building environments [29].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, although the evacuation time for scenario ER2 is cut down by 13.5%, there is no advantage over scenario R4. Placing older teachers on lower floors increases evacuation efficiency [28], which is due to the fact that older teachers on the ground floor do not use the ramp and avoid their interference with normal people. The low percentage of older teachers with mobility problems in this simulation may be the reason why the ER1 strategy is not as effective.…”

Section: Placement Of Aged Teachersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-Based Evacuation Optimization for Teaching Building with Heterogeneous Populations: Simulation and Numerical Studies

Yang

Zhou

2023

Fire

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Building evacuation safety has been one of the focal points of researchers, and there is a wealth of research findings for certain places (e.g., buildings with a high population density) or for particular research subjects (e.g., the physically challenged ethnic group). However, current publications are relatively rare in analyzing the features of physically impaired individuals in crowded places and their impact on the effectiveness of the whole evacuation process, including non-disabled people. Additionally, only such studies tend to concentrate on the behavioral characteristics of disabled people, which lack exploring and comparing evacuation optimization strategies and evaluation of comprehensive evacuation performance. This paper proposed a computer simulation-based method that combined horizontally phased evacuation and vertically phased evacuation, supplemented with the use of handicapped ramps and a reasonable arrangement of class locations, to achieve the optimal evacuation performance of a teaching building with special consideration of the heterogeneous population. And then, a simulated building model was constructed to test and compare the effectiveness and applicability of these approaches through 33 evacuation scenario studies. The results found that (1) component design can improve evacuation effectiveness, with the arrangement of ramps and the location of stair doors successfully reducing evacuation time by 12% and 6.6%, respectively; (2) a combination of two ramps and separate handicap access can decrease evacuation time by 18%; (3) the horizontal-phased evacuation approach drops evacuation time by 7.1%, but the vertical-phased evacuation strategy is not very efficient. When the two are successfully combined, evacuation time is further reduced to 9.2%; and (4) based on the above measures, the evacuation time can be finally shortened by 19% if the veteran teachers are concentrated in the classrooms on the lower floors. These obtained conclusions will provide significant reference and methodological support for the safe evacuation of other similar buildings with heterogeneous populations.

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“…Since the simulation scenario is a fire, the use of elevators is not considered [ 42 ]. There are two emergency exits on the first floor, marked as A and B.…”

Section: Building Model Construction and Personnel Parameter Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evacuation in Buildings Based on BIM: Taking a Fire in a University Library as an Example

Zheng

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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As a typical public place, a university library has a large collection of books with heavy fire load, dense population, and large flow of people. The situation of safe evacuation in case of fire is very serious. This study utilizes Revit, Pyrosim, and Pathfinder software to research evacuation of a university library. First, a Building Information Modeling (BIM) is constructed based on Revit software in 1:1 scale. Second, the evacuation passage with the highest utilization rate was determined through Pathfinder software. According to the “most unfavorable principle,” the location near it was assumed to be where the fire occurred. Pyrosim software was used to determine the smoke spread, visibility, CO concentration, temperature, and other conditions at each stairway exit in case of fire. Finally, the evacuation situation is compared with that after man-made route planning. The results indicate that evacuation exits 1#, 7#, 13#, 19#, and 23# have the highest utilization rate. The safe evacuation time was 739.275 s, which was shortened to 638.025 s after man-made route planning, a 13.67% increase in evacuation efficiency. Evacuation efficiency can be significantly improved by increasing broadcast guidelines, adding signs, widening staircases, and other optimization suggestions, which can provide reference for the study of evacuation effects in public places and the improvement of the layout of public facilities.

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Fire Evacuation Process Using Both Elevators and Staircases for Aging People: Simulation Case Study on Personnel Distribution in High-Rise Nursing Home

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Towards a Smart Elevator-Aided Fire Evacuation Scheme in High-Rise Apartment Buildings for Elderly

Towards a Smart Elevator-Aided Fire Evacuation Scheme in High-Rise Apartment Buildings for Elderly

Performance-Based Evacuation Optimization for Teaching Building with Heterogeneous Populations: Simulation and Numerical Studies

Evacuation in Buildings Based on BIM: Taking a Fire in a University Library as an Example

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