Fire environment effects on particulate matter emission factors in southeastern U.S. pine-grasslands

Robertson, Kevin; Hsieh, Yun-Hwa Peggy; Bugna, G.C.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.058

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Across forested systems, the SERA-based analysis yielded a somewhat higher PM 2.5 EF of 25.29 g kg À1 for SE conifer than did the other studies, which ranged from 6 to 17 g kg À1 . This is due to higher reported EF values from Aurell and Gullett (2013), Strand et al (2012) and Robertson et al (2014). Otherwise, in general, the EFs range from a factor of 3 to an order of magnitude in variability across these references, with the SERA-based data falling within the bounds of previous summaries.…”

Section: Sample Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications

Prichard

O’Neill

Eagle

et al. 2020

Int. J. Wildland Fire

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field and laboratory emission factors (EFs) of wildland fire emissions for 276 known air pollutants sampled across Canada and the US were compiled. An online database, the Smoke Emissions Repository Application (SERA), was created to enable analysis and summaries of existing EFs to be used in smoke management and emissions inventories. We evaluated how EFs of select pollutants (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , NO x , total particulate matter (PM), PM 2.5 and SO 2 ) are influenced by combustion phase, burn type and fuel type. Of the 12 533 records in the database, over a third (n ¼ 5637) are represented by 23 air pollutants, most designated as US Environmental Protection Agency criteria air pollutants, greenhouse gases, hazardous air pollutants or known air toxins. Among all pollutants in the database, including the most common pollutants PM, CO, CO 2 and CH 4 , records are unevenly distributed with a bias towards flaming combustion, prescribed burning and laboratory measurements. Across all EFs, records are most common for south-eastern and western conifer forests and western shrubland types. Based on identified data gaps, we offer recommendations for future studies, including targeting underrepresented air pollutants, smouldering combustion phases and improved source characterisation of wildland fire emissions.Additional keywords: air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, particulate matter, prescribed fire emissions, smoke management, wildfire emissions.

show abstract

Section: Sample Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications

Prichard

O’Neill

Eagle

et al. 2020

Int. J. Wildland Fire

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chen et al, 2010). The VOCs and NO x in biomass smoke undergo smog photochemistry in the atmosphere, leading to the production of ozone, secondary organic aerosols, and other pollutants, which impact plant productivity (Crutzen and Andreae, 1990;Andreae, 1991;Robinson et al, 2007;Jaffe and Wigder, 2012;May et al, 2013;Pacifico et al, 2015;Hatch et al, 2017;Yue and Unger, 2018). These gaseous pollutants, and even more so the particulate matter from biomass burning, pose grave risks to human health (Naeher et al, 2007;Akagi et al, 2014;Dennekamp et al, 2015;Knorr et al, 2017;Apte et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning – an updated assessment

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the publication of the compilation of biomass burning emission factors by Andreae and Merlet (2001), a large number of studies have greatly expanded the amount of available data on emissions from various types of biomass burning. Using essentially the same methodology as Andreae and Merlet (2001), this paper presents an updated compilation of emission factors. The data from over 370 published studies were critically evaluated and integrated into a consistent format. Several new categories of biomass burning were added, and the number of species for which emission data are presented was increased from 93 to 121. Where field data are still insufficient, estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques are proposed. For key species, the updated emission factors are compared with previously published values. Based on these emission factors and published global activity estimates, I have derived estimates of pyrogenic emissions for important species released by the various types of biomass burning.

show abstract

“…Moisture variation within complex matrices of live and dead fuel particles across both temporal and spatial scales governs fire spread (Nelson 2001;Loudermilk et al 2018). Similarly, seasonal variation in phenology of living plant material leads to variation in plant flammability (Jolly and Johnson 2018) and rate of particulate matter emitted per biomass consumed (Robertson et al 2014). Fuel moisture patterns at fine scales further complicate prescribed fire operations in ways not planned for on wildfire operations due to the sequence of ignitions and prescription constraints.…”

Section: Fuels: Toward 3-and 4-dimensional Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, differences in fuel mass, volume, and moisture content of organic lower O-horizon (duff) and peats can alter combustion of smoldering fuels and drive patterns of overstory stem mortality (Varner et al 2007; Fig. 3) and particulate matter emissions (Robertson et al 2014). Moreover, the consumption dynamics of coarse woody debris under higher moisture conditions is a research need for prescribed fire planning.…”

Section: Fuels: Toward 3-and 4-dimensional Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, three prescribed burns following extended fire exclusion in a single stand have very different consequences than 50 years of burning at a three-year interval, and it is the overall fire regime's effects that require assessment (Freeman et al 2019). Examples of potential developments include repeated-fires decision-support tools that target how prescribed fire can be used to consume fuels (Gallagher 2017), kill encroaching trees or non-native plants (Engber and Varner 2012), modify wildlife habitat characteristics for species of special concern (Hiers et al 2016), modify forest structure ), release soil nutrients and affect carbon sequestration (Godwin et al 2017), predict fire emissions (Robertson et al 2014), and perpetuate particular populations and community assemblages Dell et al 2017;Freeman et al 2019). Although some global vegetation models have advanced capacity to integrate firevegetation-climate dynamics (e.g., Bachelet et al 2005), they lack flexibility for producing predictions at spatial and temporal scales relevant to prescribed fire decision-making.…”

Section: Fire Effects: Questions Of Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prescribed fire science: the case for a refined research agenda

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The realm of wildland fire science encompasses both wild and prescribed fires. Most of the research in the broader field has focused on wildfires, however, despite the prevalence of prescribed fires and demonstrated need for science to guide its application. We argue that prescribed fire science requires a fundamentally different approach to connecting related disciplines of physical, natural, and social sciences. We also posit that research aimed at questions relevant to prescribed fire will improve overall wildland fire science and stimulate the development of useful knowledge about managed wildfires. Because prescribed fires are increasingly promoted and applied for wildfire management and are intentionally ignited to meet policy and land manager objectives, a broader research agenda incorporating the unique features of prescribed fire is needed. We highlight the primary differences between prescribed fire science and wildfire science in the study of fuels, fire behavior, fire weather, fire effects, and fire social science. Wildfires managed for resource benefits ("managed wildfires") offer a bridge for linking these science frameworks. A recognition of the unique science needs related to prescribed fire will be key to addressing the global challenge of managing wildland fire for long-term sustainability of natural resources.Keywords: fire behavior, fire effects, fire weather, fireline interactions, fuels characterization, post-fire tree mortality, prescribed burning, wildland fire research Resumen El ámbito de la ciencia del fuego comprende tanto a los incendios de vegetación no controlados como a las quemas prescriptas. La mayoría de las investigaciones en este amplio campo se han enfocado en los incendios de vegetación, a pesar de la prevalencia de las quemas prescriptas y la probada necesidad de que la ciencia guíe su aplicación. Argüimos que la ciencia de las quemas prescriptas requiere de un enfoque fundamentalmente diferente para conectarse con las disciplinas relacionadas de la ciencias físicas, sociales y naturales. También postulamos que la investigación enfocada a preguntas relevantes para las quemas prescriptas va a mejorar la ciencia de fuegos de vegetación en general y estimular el desarrollo del conocimiento útil sobre el manejo de fuegos de vegetación. Dado que las quemas prescriptas son propuestas y aplicadas de manera incremental para para el manejo de fuegos (Continued on next page) de vegetación, y que son intencionalmente iniciadas para lograr metas y objetivos de manejo de tierras, una agenda más amplia de investigación, incorporando aspectos únicos de las quemas prescriptas, se hace necesaria. Ilustramos las diferencias primarias entre la ciencia de las quemas prescriptas y la de la ciencia de fuegos naturales de vegetación en lo que hace al estudio de los combustibles, el comportamiento del fuego, la meteorología, los efectos del fuego, y las ciencias sociales relacionadas con el fuego. Los incendios manejados para beneficio de los recursos ("fuegos manejados") ofrecen un puente para li...

show abstract

Fire environment effects on particulate matter emission factors in southeastern U.S. pine-grasslands

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications

Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications

Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning – an updated assessment

Prescribed fire science: the case for a refined research agenda

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About