Fire engineering in sports stadiums

Developing fire safety engineering as a practice in Canada

“…Additionally, the large open spaces and high roof create the opportunity to eliminate most of the structural fire protection required, if justified through design fire simulation and whole-building structural evaluation. The reader is directed to case studies on the First Direct Arena (Bell et al 2014), Wembley Stadium (Dowling et al 2015), and the Emirates Stadium (Dowling et al 2015) in the UK for example applications of these strategies.…”

“…In the case of Wembley Stadium, CFD modelling was used to calculate temperatures in the steel roof structure and justify reduced or eliminated structural fire protection (Dowling et al 2015). A similar approach was used for Emirates Stadium where calculated structural D r a f t temperatures were compared to limiting temperatures and used to optimize the structural fire protection (Dowling et al 2015). The case studies do not provide much detail in the design fires considered, details of the CFD models developed, or the extent to which structural fire engineering was used beyond simple limiting temperatures.…”

Performance of Post-Tensioned Timber and Engineered Timber Adhesives with Fire Exposure

“…In addition to the CFD modelling, local authorities also required the Y2E2 building to undergo hot smoke testing during commissioning to confirm the natural ventilation system worked as intended (Graffy et al 2008). Stadium (Dowling et al 2015), and the Emirates Stadium (Dowling et al 2015) in the UK for example applications of these strategies.…”

“…In the First Direct Arena, PBFD was utilized to optimize the fire protection of the roof structure, which was required to have fire protection since it provided bracing to the gravity elements of the structure (Bell et al 2014). In the case of Wembley Stadium, CFD modelling was used to calculate temperatures in the steel roof structure and justify reduced or eliminated structural fire protection (Dowling et al 2015). A similar approach was used for Emirates Stadium where calculated structural temperatures were compared to limiting temperatures and used to optimize the structural fire protection (Dowling et al 2015).…”

“…In the case of Wembley Stadium, CFD modelling was used to calculate temperatures in the steel roof structure and justify reduced or eliminated structural fire protection (Dowling et al 2015). A similar approach was used for Emirates Stadium where calculated structural temperatures were compared to limiting temperatures and used to optimize the structural fire protection (Dowling et al 2015). The case studies do not provide much detail in the design fires considered, details of the CFD models developed, or the extent to which structural fire engineering was used beyond simple limiting temperatures.…”