Fire detection using data from the NOAA-N satellites

Matson, Michael; Stephens, George; Robinson, Jennifer M.

doi:10.1080/01431168708954740

Cited by 102 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Between this region and the short-wavelength infrared there is only one other part of the spectrum in which the atmosphere transmits electromagnetic radiation, which is the 3 to 5-/.tm region in which the NOAA polar orbiters also have a sensor, AVHRR channel 3, at about 3.8 /.tm, which saturates at a pixel-integrated temperature of about 50øC . This region has considerable potential for use in volcano monitoring, and its use and particular sensitivity in fire detection are well known Cracknell, 1985, 1986;Matson et al, 1987].…”

Section: Future Remote Sensing Systems For Volcano Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano monitoring using short wavelength infrared data from satellites

Rothery¹,

Francis²,

Wood³

1988

J. Geophys. Res.

282

183

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Data from remote sensing satellites operating in the short-wavelength infrared can be used to measure temperatures of about 150øC and above. The gain settings of the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) sensors are such that to record pixel-integrated temperatures from 150øC to over 1000øC requires the use of several spectral bands. If the radiant source occupies less than a whole pixel, as is the case for fumaroles or a crusted lava surface with incandescent cracks, then the pixel-integrated temperature is less than the actual surface temperature of the hot areas and appears to be different at each wavelength. By determining pixel-integrated temperature in two spectral bands we can estimate both the temperature and size of hot areas which occupy less than a complete pixel. In some cases our observations provide the only available data on the state of activity of a particular volcano; in others they support and refine field observations. Our Landsat TM data reveal otherwise unobserved precursor and subsequent activity related to the September 1986 eruption of Lascar volcano (Chile) and supplement other data on the March 1986 eruption of Augustine volcano (Alaska). They also indicate the continued presence of lava lakes at Erta 'Ale (Ethiopia) in the absence of any ground-based observations and document minor eruptive activity at Mount Erebus (Antarctica). Landsat Multispectral Scanner data have been used to measure the variation in temperature along a lava flow on Sierra Negra (Galapagos Islands) which occurred in 1979.

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Section: Future Remote Sensing Systems For Volcano Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano monitoring using short wavelength infrared data from satellites

Rothery¹,

Francis²,

Wood³

1988

J. Geophys. Res.

282

183

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“…In many cases, this hazard contributes significantly to changes in the local and even global climate, soil erosion and leads to soil loss and desertification. The destruction of vegetation by forest fires can affect the land surface and the hydrologic cycle, by increasing the surface albedo, surface runoff, and decreasing the evapotraspiration (Matson et al, 1987). Moreover, the biomass burning can contribute, with gases, to the greenhouse effect and cause destruction of the ozone layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of NOAA/AVHRR satellite data for monitoring and assessment of forest fires and floods

Domenikiotis

Λουκάς

Dalezios

2003

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The increasing number of extreme natural phenomena, which are related to the climate variability and are mainly caused by anthropogenic factors, escalate the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Operational monitoring of natural hazards and assessment of the affected area impose quick and efficient methods based on large-scale data, readily available to the agencies. The growing number of satellite systems and their capabilities give rise to remote sensing applications to all types of natural disasters, including forest fires and floods. Remote sensing techniques can be used in all three aspects of disaster management viz: forecasting, monitoring and damage assessment. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of satellite remote sensing for monitoring and near-real time assessment of the affected by forest fires and floods areas. As a tool, two satellite indices are presented, namely the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Surface Temperature (ST), extracted by the meteorological satellite NOAA/AVHRR. In the first part of the paper, a review of utilized techniques using NDVI and ST is given. In the second part, the application of various methodologies to three case studies are presented: the forest fire of 21-24 July 1995 in Penteli Mountain near Athens and 16 September 1994 in Pelion Mountain in Thessaly region, central Greece, and finally the flood of 17-23 October 1994 in Thessaly region, central Greece. For all studies the NDVI has been utilized for hazard assessment. The method of ST has been applied to the flood event in Thessaly, for the estimation of the areal extent of the floods. As emerged from the studies, remote sensing data can be decisive for monitoring and damage assessment, caused by forest fires and floods.

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“…The satellite remote sensing of fire began in the late 1970s (Croft, 1978;Matson et al, 1987). Since this time the global importance of fire has become internationally recognized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildland Fire Detection from Space: Theory and Application

Cahoon

Alexander

Baum

et al. 2000

Advances in Global Change Research

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New satellite instruments are currently being designed specifically for fire detection, even though to date the detection of active fires from space has never been an integral part of the design of any in-orbit space mission.Rather, the space-based detection of fires during the last two decades has been exploiting measurements obtained for other objectives. The current fire products have proved to be of great benefit and interest, but their usefulness is not fully understood. Part of the confusion about the utility of these measurements stems from the lack of detailed knowledge about the data and its acquisition. The remote sensing research community has spent considerable time and effort trying to rationalize the usefulness of existing satellite imagery for active fire detection. Unfortunately, uncertainties about instrument capabilities pervades much of this research and the true limits of fire detection from space have not been fully evaluated and understood.To analyze the active fire detection capability of any instrument, the flow of energy from the source to the instrument and the instrument's response to that energy must be considered. For this reason, an approach has been developed that models the energy emitted from surface fires, allowing for the fact that fire is itself a variable phenomenon. The energy transmission is then modeled along its path through the atmosphere and through the instrument's optical system. A fundamental concern is in the estimation of the total surface area that emits the energy which defines a single pixel in the image. Unfortunately, most of the fire detection modeling done to date is based on a misconception about the pixel and its actual size. Rather than using the radiometric footprint size, the instantaneousfield-of-view (IFOV) is used to describe the 'resolution' of the instrument. In fact, the radiometric footprint is considerably larger than the IFOV and greatly affects the energy modeling used to estimate the fire detection thresholds of a particular instrument. Based on knowledge of the radiometric footprint, the fire detection capability of AVHRR, DMSP-OLS, and MODIS are reviewed. 2"the pixel, the elementary unit of analysis in remote sensing..., is a delusion which may become a snare for the unwary", P. Fisher (1997).

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Fire detection using data from the NOAA-N satellites

Cited by 102 publications

References 16 publications

Volcano monitoring using short wavelength infrared data from satellites

Volcano monitoring using short wavelength infrared data from satellites

The use of NOAA/AVHRR satellite data for monitoring and assessment of forest fires and floods

Wildland Fire Detection from Space: Theory and Application

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