Fire Blight Resistance of Malus Species From Sichuan (China), Russian Caucasus, Turkey, and Germany

Aldwinckle, Herb S.; Gustafson, H.L.; Forsline, Philip L.; Reddy, M.V. Bhaskara

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2002.590.55

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The results showed that the studied germplasm have high phenotypic variation. Similarly, high phenotypic variability was reported in M. orientalis collections from different countries (Aldwinckle et al., 2002 ; Ercisli et al., 2004 ; Hofer et al., 2013 ; Khadivi et al., 2020 ). These studies indicated that high diversity in pomological and leaf‐related traits could be used as an efficient marker system to discriminate between the apple accessions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Aldwinckle et al. ( 2002 ) recorded an average of 30.00 mm for fruit diameter in M. orientalis trees from the Russian Caucasus, while Ercisli et al. ( 2004 ) reported an average of 25.00 mm for fruit diameter in Turkish M. orientalis .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphological traits are very helpful in the identification and evaluation of apple germplasm. Phenotypic characterization is always needed and should be included in any program of conservation and use of genetic resources (Aldwinckle et al., 2002 ; Ercisli et al., 2004 ; Hofer et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate analysis of oriental apple (Malus orientalis Uglitzk.) based on phenotypic and pomological characterizations

Moradi

Khadivi

Mirheidari

2022

Food Science & Nutrition

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Oriental apple ( Malus orientalis Uglitzk.) is rich in valuable traits, such as later blooming, adaptation to a wider array of habitats, and capacity for longer storage of the apples, that should be considered important to the genetic makeup of the domestic apple. Here, the morphological diversity of this species was evaluated. There were significant differences among the accessions studied as revealed by the recorded traits. Ripening date ranged from late April to mid‐May. Fruit skin ground color showed strong diversity, including light cream, cream, yellow, light green, and green‐white. Also, fruit skin over color was highly variable, including white, cream, yellow, light green, and green‐white. Fruit weight ranged from 3.45 to 16.74 g. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed 13 PCs which contributed to 83.30% of total variance and fruit‐related characters were the most effective traits for separating and identifying the studied accessions. The Ward dendrogram reflected the similarities and dissimilarities among the accessions based on the qualitative and quantitative variables measured. A high phenotypic diversity within the collected material of M. orientalis was indicated. The diversity existing in the indigenous wild M. orientalis could further add new genetic information in the global gene pool of Malus species. The present study confirmed the necessity of preserving this unique genetic resource and continuing its study no matter the fact that in practice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate analysis of oriental apple (Malus orientalis Uglitzk.) based on phenotypic and pomological characterizations

Moradi

Khadivi

Mirheidari

2022

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…A total of 980 M. sieversii and 16 M. orientalis trees have been phenotyped using 30 previously described descriptors (Forsline and Aldwinckle, 2004). Researchers have identified resistance to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), and cedar apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae) pathogens in both species (Aldwinckle et al, 2002;Luby et al, 2001;Volk et al, 2005Volk et al, , 2008a. In some cases, individuals exhibit resistance to all three pathogens.…”

Section: Sieversii and M Orientalis Seedling Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Approach Toward Conserving Malus Germplasm

Volk¹,

Richards²,

Forsline³

2010

Acta Hortic.

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The USDA-National Plant Germplasm System apple (Malus) collection has traditionally been conserved by maintaining orchards in Geneva, NY and cryopreserving dormant buds of clones. The orchard Malus collection includes hundreds of M. sieversii and M. orientalis individuals. These wild relative species are valued primarily for their diverse alleles, rather than for their specific genotypes. We have developed core collections based on both phenotypic and genotypic (microsatellite) characters to identify a limited number of individuals that represent the diversity of the wild collections. In addition to maintaining selected individuals in orchard core collections, we propose that wild species should be conserved as seeds from strategically selected crosses. This would ensure that many diverse individuals are available for future selection and physiology programs, rather than a limited number of specific genotypes. Crosses have been performed among core collection individuals for two of the three complementary core collections proposed for the M. sieversii collection to produce seeds that can be stored for long-term storage. This conservation approach that promotes preservation of selected clones as well as diverse sets of seeds for vegetatively propagated collections has several advantages. It ensures that valuable alleles in wild collections are conserved, reduces the labor involved in cryopreserving vegetative propagules, and also maintains diverse individuals in field settings that are available for pollen and dormant budwood distribution.

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“…Malus orientalis germplasm possesses traits that are of potential interest to breeding programs (Aldwinckle et al, 2002). We previously identified 20 individuals that exhibited resistance to apple scab, fire blight, and cedar apple rust from Turkey and Russia (Volk et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Capturing the Diversity of Wild Malus orientalis from Georgia, Armenia, Russia, and Turkey

Volk¹,

Richards²,

Henk³

et al. 2009

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Seeds from wild Malus orientalis trees were collected during explorations with between eight and 171 individuals from each collection location were established at the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetic Resources Unit (PGRU) in Geneva, NY. Genotypic (seven microsatellite markers) and disease resistance data were collected for the 776 M. orientalis trees. The genetic diversity of the 280 individuals from Armenia and Georgia was compared with data previously published for the M. orientalis individuals from Russia and Turkey. A total of 106 alleles were identified in the trees from Georgia and Armenia and the average gene diversity ranged from 0.47 to 0.85 per locus. The genetic differentiation among sampling locations was greater than that found between the two countries. Six individuals from Armenia exhibited resistance to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), and cedar apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae). The allelic richness across all loci in the individuals from Armenia and Georgia was statistically the same as that across all loci in the individuals from Russia and Turkey. A core set of 27 trees was selected to capture 93% of the alleles represented by the entire PGRU collection of 776 M. orientalis trees. This core set representing all four countries was selected based on genotypic data using a modified maximization algorithm. The trees selected for the M. orientalis core collection will be added to the main field collection at the PGRU.

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Fire Blight Resistance of Malus Species From Sichuan (China), Russian Caucasus, Turkey, and Germany

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Multivariate analysis of oriental apple (Malus orientalis Uglitzk.) based on phenotypic and pomological characterizations

Multivariate analysis of oriental apple (Malus orientalis Uglitzk.) based on phenotypic and pomological characterizations

A Comprehensive Approach Toward Conserving Malus Germplasm

Capturing the Diversity of Wild Malus orientalis from Georgia, Armenia, Russia, and Turkey

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