Fire behavior of polymethylmethacrylate

Tewarson, A.; Ogden, Sam

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(92)90013-f

Cited by 96 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Initially, experimentalists simply took the flame height by eying an appropriate value (occasionally from video footage) [10][11][12][13]. In 1995, Audouin et al developed an image processing technique for pool fires where they averaged 160 images and obtained a flame presence probability [14].…”

Section: Flame Spread Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upward flame spread over discrete fuels

Miller

Gollner

2015

Fire Safety Journal

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Upward flame spread over discrete fuels has been analyzed through experimental research on vertical arrays of alternating lengths of PMMA and insulation. By manipulating the lengths of the PMMA fuel and the insulation, several important trends related to flame spread were identified and assessed.The peak flame spread rate for arrays with 4 cm lengths of PMMA occurred at a fuel percentage of 67%; for arrays with 8 cm PMMA, a peak flame spread rate occurred at fuel percentages of 67%, 80%, and 89%. It has been hypothesized that increased air entrainment at these fuel percentages maximizes the flame spread rate.Based on observed trends, this study proposed a method for approximation of the fuel spread rate at various fuel percentages. Given reasonable estimates for the homogeneous flame spread rate and the lowest fuel percentage that sustains spread, an estimation for intermediate spread rate values is feasible.

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Section: Flame Spread Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upward flame spread over discrete fuels

Miller

Gollner

2015

Fire Safety Journal

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“…21). Figure 5 gives a comparison of the ignition time calculated with the model developed above and experimental data for 25 mm black PMMA tested in the FM FPA, Cone Calorimeter, and FM AFM [1,14,15]. The same thermophysical properties used to generate Fig.…”

Section: Approximate Solution-time To Piloted Ignitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approximate Analytical Solutions For The Transient Mass Loss Rate And Piloted Ignition Time Of A Radiatively Heated Solid In The High Heat Flux Limit

Lautenberger¹,

Fernandez‐Pello²

2005

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Eigth International Sy

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An approximate closed form solution is developed for the mass loss rate of a semiinfinite solid irradiated by a constant net heat flux. The solution is valid at high heat flux levels where surface losses and the endothermic heat sink due to pyrolysis are small in comparison to the applied heat flux. The expression obtained for the mass loss rate is used to develop an explicit closed form relation for the time to piloted ignition using a critical mass flux as the ignition criterion. The resultant formula is identical to that obtained from the classical thermal ignition theory, with the important difference that the surface temperature at ignition is not constant. Rather, it increases with applied heat flux, mass flux at ignition, and activation temperature, and decreases with increasing density, pre-exponential factor, and thermal conductivity. The model predictions are compared to recent high-heat flux ignition measurements for PMMA.

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“…Thermophysical and kinetic characteristics used in the calculations are presented in Table 1. Other necessary constants relate to the modeling of water droplet evaporation: [12,17,18]. Then, flame is exposed to the water mist generator located at some distance in front of the flame leading edge.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling Of The Effect Of Fine Water Mist On The Small Scale Flame Spreading Over Solid Combustibles

Karpov¹,

Galat²,

Novozhilov³

et al. 2005

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Eigth International Sy

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A CFD model has been developed to predict the behavior of the flame spread over solid fuels in water mist environment. A coupled analysis involving gas phase and solid fuel is considered using unsteady two-dimensional conservation equations describing the selfsustained flame propagation. Due to the analysis is focused on the mechanism of flame suppression at the flame leading edge, which is explicitly exposed to the mist, finite-rate chemical reaction is taken into account. The equations for water mist and vapor mass fractions are added to the basic flame spread statement, which includes corresponding term describing energy consumption due to water evaporation. Horizontal flame spread over thick fuel beds of polymeric material (PMMA) under water mist suppression has been investigated. The results have shown that self-sustained energy balance in the heat release zone in the flame is highly sensitive to the external energy loss, which in this case is due to water droplet evaporation. Thus, flame struggles against the presence of water mist on the flame leading edge and either continues to propagate with almost the same velocity (as of without water mist), or complete extinction occurs. The extinguishing characteristics of fine water mist with the droplet diameter of the order of 30 microns are investigated. A critical concentrations of initial water mist mass fraction required for extinguishment have been achieved for the various conditions of flame spread phenomenon.

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Fire behavior of polymethylmethacrylate

Cited by 96 publications

References 16 publications

Upward flame spread over discrete fuels

Upward flame spread over discrete fuels

Approximate Analytical Solutions For The Transient Mass Loss Rate And Piloted Ignition Time Of A Radiatively Heated Solid In The High Heat Flux Limit

Numerical Modeling Of The Effect Of Fine Water Mist On The Small Scale Flame Spreading Over Solid Combustibles

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