Fire and restoration of piñon–juniper woodlands in the western United States: a review

Baker, William L.; Shinneman, Douglas J.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2003.09.006

Cited by 124 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…On short grass prairies, intensive and heavy grazing of domestic herds of sheep and cattle decreased the frequency and extent of grassland fires during the past century (Brockway, Gatewood, and Paris, 2002;Taylor, 2003). Extensive grazing may result in the invasion of juniper species on semi-arid grasslands, decreasing the fuel load and fire intensity, as has occurred in the western United States (Fuhlendorf and Smeins, 1997;Baker and Shinneman, 2004). Similarly, van Langevelde et al (2003) found that heavy grazing decreases the role of fire and leads to increased woody vegetation on savannas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing Effects on Vegetation Composition and on the Spread of Fire on Open Sand Grasslands

Ónodi

Kertész

Botta‐Dukát

et al. 2008

Arid Land Research and Management

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Canopy cover of the litter and vascular plant species, species number, plant height, burnt area, and the speed of fire-spread were estimated in 1 Â 1 m quadrates. The burnt area was significantly smaller with late sheep grazing, while the speed of fire-spread decreased significantly due to rabbit grazing compared to that of the control. Plant height was significantly decreased by early and late sheep grazing, while rabbit grazing resulted in significantly lower canopy cover values of vascular plants compared to the control. Early sheep grazing resulted in overcompensation of the canopy cover of vascular plants. Species number was not affected by the grazing treatments. This 1-year experiment demonstrated that moderate grazing has no short-term effects on the species diversity of the semi-arid open sand grassland. Furthermore, late spring grazing decreased the spread of fire on the grassland portions of the community; thus it may inhibit the burning of large areas of the semi-arid forest-steppe.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing Effects on Vegetation Composition and on the Spread of Fire on Open Sand Grasslands

Ónodi

Kertész

Botta‐Dukát

et al. 2008

Arid Land Research and Management

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“…Extrapolating even accurate mean-plot CFIs or ATFIs from Grandview to the rest of the study area could have adverse consequences, as population MFIs were much longer elsewhere on the South Rim. Too frequent burning may reduce species richness (Laughlin and Grace 2006), disrupt PJ woodlands that historically burned infrequently (Baker and Shinneman 2004), weaken soil nutrient cycling (Tiedemann et al 2000) and increase invasive species (Odion and Tyler 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern calibration and historical testing of small-area, fire-interval reconstruction methods

Dugan

Baker

2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Abstract. Accuracy of small-area, fire-interval estimation methods has been inadequately assessed, thus we conducted modern calibration and historical testing of the traditional composite-fire-interval and a newer all-tree-fire-interval method for estimating population mean fire intervals. We tested in eight areas, at four scales, using 30 small plots across ponderosa pine forests on the South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park. In modern calibration, individual-plot all-treefire-intervals were equal to population mean fire intervals in all plots. Across the eight areas, a mean-plot version of the all-tree-fire-interval method never failed, whereas mean-plot versions of composite-fire-intervals failed in 37.5-100% of areas. Pooled composite-fire-intervals, the traditional method, failed in all subareas. In historical testing, pooled and meanplot all-tree-fire-interval methods and two variations of a mean-plot composite-fire-interval method had the lowest mean relative errors. Again, pooled composite-fire-intervals performed poorly across the eight areas. Overall, in modern and historical tests, the mean-plot all-tree-fire-interval method outperformed all others, but highly filtered mean-plot composite-fire-intervals were fairly accurate in historical tests. Both could be reliable methods, if replicated in small plots averaged over 600-1000-ha landscapes, but for small areas, the all-tree-fire-interval method outperformed others. However, for general use, there may be more value in spatially explicit, landscape-scale methods, rather than any smallarea method.

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“…Spreading, low-intensity, surface fires (as opposed to stand-replacing fires) have been observed only rarely in piñ on-juniper vegetation during the recent period since Euro-American settlement (Baker and Shinneman 2004). Apparently, such fire behavior was also rare in persistent woodlands and wooded shrublands before Euro-American settlement.…”

Section: What We Know About Piñ On-juniper Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, such fire behavior was also rare in persistent woodlands and wooded shrublands before Euro-American settlement. Definitive fire-history evidence of a spreading, low-intensity, surface fire would include cross-dated fire scars at two or more locations along with intervening age-structure evidence that trees generally survived the fire (Baker and Shinneman 2004). However, few places provide such evidence.…”

Section: What We Know About Piñ On-juniper Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermountain Presettlement Juniper: Distribution, Abundance, and Influence on Postsettlement Expansion

Johnson

Miller

2008

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Fire and restoration of piñon–juniper woodlands in the western United States: a review

Cited by 124 publications

References 37 publications

Grazing Effects on Vegetation Composition and on the Spread of Fire on Open Sand Grasslands

Grazing Effects on Vegetation Composition and on the Spread of Fire on Open Sand Grasslands

Modern calibration and historical testing of small-area, fire-interval reconstruction methods

Intermountain Presettlement Juniper: Distribution, Abundance, and Influence on Postsettlement Expansion

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