Finite Volume Method for Simulation of Viscoelastic Flow Through a Expansion Channel

The simpler GMRES method combined with finite volume method for simulating viscoelastic flows on triangular grid

“…It is usually governed by the continuity equations, the momentum equations and the constitutive equations (see Section 2). The behavior of viscoelastic fluids is different from that of the Newtonian fluids in ways that are often complex and striking [7,8]. The flow equations of viscoelastic fluids are more difficult to solve than the flow equations of Newtonian fluids in that the stress term in the momentum equation is strongly coupled with the velocity field, thus slowing the convergence speed [9].…”

Critical velocity in phosphorus exchange processes across the sediment-water interface

“…Such exchange processes are largely controlled by the chemical composition and physical properties of particles (Fu et al, 2009). Hydrodynamic-induced turbulence in shallow lakes appears to have a significant influence on the exchange between sediment and water and it can increase the suspension of sediment particles and even promote the outward movement of P dissolved in pore water (Bowes et al, 2008;Li et al, 2010).…”