Finite element simulation of welding distortions in ultra-high strength steel S960 MC including comprehensive thermal and solid-state phase transformation models

Ghafouri, Mehran; Ahn, Joseph; Mourujärvi, Juho; Björk, Timo; Larkiola, Jari

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110804

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The size and shape of the welding pool depend on the parameters of the heat source. To simplify, Goldak's heat source model [5] was assumed, together with the calibration of the model consisting in adjusting parameters of the front and rear quadrant of the source ellipsoid in such a way as to obtain the best possible fit with the experiment [6][7][8][9][10]. In the case of full penetration welds, there were attempts to make up for the omission of the fluid flow in the welding pool by modelling a heat source in the shape of a double cone [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD-based modelling of phase transformation in laser welded low-carbon steel

Siwek

2021

Weld World

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This paper presents a numerical model of the laser welding of steel, taking into account the heat and mass flows, as well as thermal effects associated with phase transformations. It was assumed that the heat source is a laser with a symmetrical power distribution of the TEM10 beam in two welding condition variants: a stationary heat source and a source moving at a constant speed along the sample. After reaching the melting temperature, the movement of the liquid phase was forced by the Marangoni effect acting on the surface of the welding pool. For the laser power applied, the surface of the welding pool was assumed to be flat. It was proposed an algorithm for the forecasting of the phase changes during heating and cooling. Diffusive phase transformations during cooling were modelled using Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) equations. Diffusionless transformations occurring when cooling rates exceed the critical ones were modelled using Koistinen-Marburger (KM) equations. Calculations were made for a rectangular sample welded in air and cooled spontaneously in the atmosphere. The boundary conditions were simulated assuming a constant coefficient of heat exchange and radiation to the environment. The start and end time of the changes occurring in the cooling phase were calculated based on the average cooling rate in the temperature range 800–500°C (v8/5). The model was tested for the test material: S355J2 steel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD-based modelling of phase transformation in laser welded low-carbon steel

Siwek

2021

Weld World

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“…The Finite Element Analyses (FEA) results for the X, Y, and Z-axes model are shown in Tables (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Stress Analysis Report From Autodesk Inventormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modeling and Simulation of weldment has advanced from the analysis of laboratory processes to engineering prediction applications due to increase in failure rate. This trend is observed and used to solve the increased complex models which gives a better description of the engineering applications [1]. With or without the application of pressure and filler material, welding as material joining process involves melting at high temperature the sample's weld centre line to suitable temperatures (melting and cooling processes) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2021

EJMSE

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Simulation of welding temperature fields during TIG arc the welding process of Cr-Mo steel bar (ASTM A304) was studied. The results of Simulation models of welding processes help to predict welding parameters effects on the temperature field during and after welding and by this, the failure rate could be estimated and minimized. This paper presents the welding profile model, assembled from 100 mm by 50 mm by 20 mm thick, a Double-Sided Half V-Groove Weld Joint, moving heat source was employed to methodically examine welding temperature fields and transformation in the single-pass butt-welded joint. Unfortunately, the precision of the model rests on many parameters, which cannot be precisely dictated. To resolve this proposition, a calibration process was made by using a Datalogger type K thermocouple -3 channel-LU-MTM-380SD during the welding process on Cr-Mo steel bar. The obtained Experimental results were used as input to run the simulation. Depending on weld joint profile, temperature fields were discovered to vary with distance from the weld centerline which altered the yield stress of weld metal. To realize this goal, a pattern of the 3D model of heat transfer with a moving heat source during welding was simulated in Autodesk Inventor Simulation CFD 2018 Application Software. The results shown that the welding temperature fields have a higher value at the welding center line and decreased towards the edges of the bar. An indication that simulation is a veritable tool to access likely consequence of the welding process at both welded and non-welded portions of steel bar before real machine structural development.

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“…Sensor technologies and software development have enabled the introduction of digitized sections in the welding production, and prior investigations have clearly indicated their capabilities to intensify the different stages (design [13,14], manufacturing [15,16], or service) of a welded product. Nevertheless, such development steps lead easily to a sub-optimization of different stages, while an optimized production demands the consideration of the whole production chain, from design to service.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview on the digitized production of welded steel structures

2022

Self Cite

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This paper presents a concept and practical topics involved in digitized production. The term “production” denotes the design, fabrication, and service life of a product, which in this case elaborates on welded steel structures. This includes the required information for guiding all the process stages of the chosen material back to its re-melting, following the material flow in a fully digitized form. This concept enables an increase in production quality at a higher level while minimizing the risk of human errors. Automation of the short-run production of steel structures for demanding applications is also a key goal, together with securing a cost-efficient process. Typically, such structures are fabricated from high- or ultra-high-strength steels. Though challenging, reaching these aims seems to be realistic by applying advanced fatigue design methods, using high-quality robotic welding and receiving information about the real loading of the structure.

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Finite element simulation of welding distortions in ultra-high strength steel S960 MC including comprehensive thermal and solid-state phase transformation models

Cited by 49 publications

References 44 publications

CFD-based modelling of phase transformation in laser welded low-carbon steel

CFD-based modelling of phase transformation in laser welded low-carbon steel

Untitled

Overview on the digitized production of welded steel structures

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