Finite element modelling of bone tissue scaffolds

Boccaccio, Antonio; Messina, Arcangelo; Pappalettere, Carmine; Scaraggi, Michele

doi:10.1533/9780857096739.4.485

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…8). Roughness and surface topography are a consequence of the presence of partially sintered powder particles to the surface [8,14]. However, the aforementioned feature of the technology also depends on the use of correct process parameters, such as beam current, offset focus and scan speed along with the use of high-quality powder material and sample thickness [26,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIP treatment (Hot isostatic pressing) is used to seal internal porosities and defects in material that may affect the strength properties of components produced using Electron Beam Melting (EBM) [12] It is known that ideal scaffolds should be porous, have well-connected networks of pores, whose size should be consistent and suitable for cell migration and infiltration [13]. Complementary analysis of FEM, CT techniques and static compression tests were described by researchers such as Boccacio et al, Alberich-Bayarii et al, Jaecques et al, [14][15][16][17]. The Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis allows for obtaining an approximate solution and to develop different models to calculate the load transfer through porous structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of geometry on mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V ELI scaffolds manufactured using additive manufacturing technology

Szymczyk

Hoppe

Ziółkowski

et al. 2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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Owing to the possibility of direct processing of CAD models into three-dimensional objects, additive manufacturing (AM) is widely used in the production of individualized bone scaffolds that can lead to perfect restoration of anatomical structures of missing bone tissues. In this work, one of the AM technologies was applied, referred to as Electron Beam Melting (EBM), using Ti6Al4V ELI alloy to produce open-cell structures. Scaffold architecture influences its mechanical properties and is important from the point of view of biological considerations. To optimize mechanical properties, designed geometries were subjected to Finite Element Method analysis and experimental static compression tests. Also, geometric CT analysis of manufactured scaffolds was carried out (geometry deviations up to ± 300 µm). Obtained results have shown that AM can be used to produce Ti6Al4V ELI alloy scaffolds displaying mechanical parameters similar to those of bone tissue (E = 0.45-2.88 MPa). The EBM process affects the microstructure and macrostructural properties of manufactured parts, e.g., through internal porosities present in the material by to unmelted powder particles (internal porosity in range of 1.25-2.25%). To assess the quality and suitability of additively manufactured implants, a multidimensional verification of the impact of the manufacturing process on the properties of the final product was performed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of geometry on mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V ELI scaffolds manufactured using additive manufacturing technology

Szymczyk

Hoppe

Ziółkowski

et al. 2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Then, the CAD model of the scaffold with the selected pore shape and ratio A / B is built, discretized into finite elements and given in input to the finite element solver (Block 5 ). On this model, the boundary and loading conditions described above are applied (Block 6 ) and a finite element analysis is run (Block 7 ). Based on the values of the stress and strain predicted by the finite element analysis, the algorithm computes a biophysical stimulus S that depends on the octahedral shear strain and the interstitial fluid flow.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If, instead the distance/difference δ is greater than ε , then the algorithm starts a new optimization cycle (Block 11 ), perturbs the value of load initially fixed (Block 12 ) and applies this new load on the finite element model (Block 6 ). A new finite element analysis is performed (Block 7 ) that will give new levels of stress and strain and hence a new value of the biophysical stimulus S (Block 8 ). At this point, the algorithm will perform so many optimization cycles until the inequality δ = | S - S id | < ε is satisfied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Karageorgiou and Kaplan 6 showed that a lower porosity stimulates osteogenesis in vitro while a higher porosity leads to the formation of larger amounts of bone in vivo . This discrepancy pushed a large number of researchers to develop in silico (computational) models that allow to simulate the effects of environment on the mechanobiological stimuli and, hence, to predict how this environment affects the tissue differentiation process 7 - 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Load for Bone Tissue Scaffolds with an Assigned Geometry

et al. 2018

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Thanks to the recent advances of three-dimensional printing technologies the design and the fabrication of a large variety of scaffold geometries was made possible. The surgeon has the availability of a wide number of scaffold micro-architectures thus needing adequate guidelines for the choice of the best one to be implanted in a patient-specific anatomic region. We propose a mechanobiology-based optimization algorithm capable of determining, for bone tissue scaffolds with an assigned geometry, the optimal value Lopt of the compression load to which they should be subjected, i.e. the load value for which the formation of the largest amounts of bone is favoured and hence the successful outcome of the scaffold implantation procedure is guaranteed. Scaffolds based on hexahedron unit cells were investigated including pores differently dimensioned and with different shapes such as elliptic or rectangular. The algorithm predicted decreasing values of the optimal load for scaffolds with pores with increasing dimensions. The optimal values predicted for the scaffolds with elliptic pores were found higher than those with rectangular ones. The proposed algorithm can be utilized to properly guide the surgeon in the choice of the best scaffold type/geometry that better satisfies the specific patient requirements.

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A review on the use of computational methods to characterize, design, and optimize tissue engineering scaffolds, with a potential in 3D printing fabrication

et al. 2018

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The design and fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds is a highly complex process. In order to provide a proper architecture for cells to grow, proliferate, and differentiate to form tissues, scaffolds have to be made with suitable properties. However, the limited structural designs and conventional fabrication techniques severely cripple the improvement of scaffold properties. To overcome these limitations, many researchers have recently adopted computational methods combined with 3D printing techniques as a new approach for scaffold design and fabrication. This approach allows scaffolds to be designed and fabricated with highly complex microstructures and good control and accuracy. Previous works have also shown this approach to be a very useful tool to predict the scaffold properties and to optimize the scaffold designs with a great reduction of experimental iterations. As this approach combining computational methods and 3D printing techniques for scaffold design and fabrication has many advantages over the conventional trial‐and‐error based approach, it is imperative to provide a state‐of‐the‐art review on the topic. To this end, this article reviews the various applications of computational methods in scaffold design and simulation; it also briefly reviews the application of 3D printing techniques to fabricate the computationally designed scaffolds. Finally, the limitations and future trends of this approach are discussed. Overall, this review will enable readers to understand the benefits of using computational methods coupled with 3D printing to design and fabricate scaffolds, and thus help researchers to improve and optimize the scaffold properties for future tissue engineering research. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1329–1351, 2019.

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Finite element modelling of bone tissue scaffolds

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

The effect of geometry on mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V ELI scaffolds manufactured using additive manufacturing technology

The effect of geometry on mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V ELI scaffolds manufactured using additive manufacturing technology

Optimal Load for Bone Tissue Scaffolds with an Assigned Geometry

A review on the use of computational methods to characterize, design, and optimize tissue engineering scaffolds, with a potential in 3D printing fabrication

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