Finite element modeling of human skin using an isotropic, nonlinear elastic constitutive model

Bischoff, Jeffrey E.; Arruda, Ellen M.; Grosh, Karl

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00018-x

Cited by 187 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A wide array of experimental and clinical measurement techniques are used to characterise particular aspects of skin biology and biophysics (Alexiades-Armenakas, 2007;Batisse et al, 2002;Bellemere et al, 2009;Delalleau et al, 2006;Diridollou et al, 2000;Gunner et al, 1979;Hendriks et al, 2006;Jor et al, 2013;Limbert and Simms, 2013;Tonge et al, 2013a;Tonge et al, 2013b;Wan Abas, 1994). Nevertheless, complementary approaches based on mathematical and computational modelling techniques offer promising avenues to further our understanding of the skin (Areias et al, 2003;Bischoff et al, 2000;Boissieux et al, 2000;Buganza Tepole and Kuhl, 2014;Cavicchi et al, 2009;Duan et al, 2000;Evans, 2009;Flynn and McCormack, 2008a, b;Flynn andMcCormack, 2009, 2010;Hendriks et al, 2006;Hendriks et al, 2003;Kuwazuru et al, 2008;Larrabee and Galt, 1986a, b;Larrabee and Sutton, 1986;Lévêque and Audoly, 2013;Tepole et al, 2014a;Tepole et al, 2014b;Tepole et al, 2011;Zöllner et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin

Leyva-Mendivil

Page

Bressloff

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

109

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A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.www.elsevier.com/locate/jmbbm 1 A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin. AbstractThe study of skin biophysics has largely been driven by consumer goods, biomedical and cosmetic industries which aim to design products that efficiently interact with the skin and/or modify its biophysical properties for health or cosmetic benefits. The skin is a hierarchical biological structure featuring several layers with their own distinct geometry and mechanical properties. Up to now, no computational models of the skin have simultaneously accounted for these geometrical and material characteristics to study their complex biomechanical interactions under particular macroscopic deformation modes.The goal of this study was, therefore, to develop a robust methodology combining histological sections of human skin, image-processing and finite element techniques to address fundamental questions about skin mechanics and, more particularly, about how macroscopic strains are transmitted and modulated through the epidermis and dermis. The work hypothesis was that, as skin deforms under macroscopic loads, the stratum corneum does not experience significant strains but rather folds/unfolds during skin extension/compression.A sample of fresh human mid-back skin was processed for wax histology. Sections were stained and photographed by optical microscopy. The multiple images were stitched together to produce a larger region of interest and segmented to extract the geometry of the stratum corneum, viable epidermis and dermis. From the segmented structures a 2D finite element mesh of the skin composite model was created and geometrically non-linear plane-strain finite element analyses were conducted to study the sensitivity of the model to variations in mechanical properties.The hybrid experimental-computational methodology has offered valuable insights into the simulated mechanics of the skin, and that of the stratum corneum in particular, by providing qualitative and quantitative information on strain magnitude and distribution. Through a complex non-linear interplay, the geometry and mechanical characteristics of the skin layers (and their relative balance), play a critical role in conditioning the skin mechanical response to macroscopic in-plane compression and extension. Topographical features of the skin surface such as furrows were shown to act as an efficient means to deflec...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin

Leyva-Mendivil

Page

Bressloff

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the three dimensional structure of skin, its biomechanics are extremely complex and follow a non-linear stress-strain relationship that is non-homogeneous, incompressible, anisotropic (not having the same properties in all directions), and subject to a certain prestretching and stretching force [5,6]. To protect against external mechanical influences, the skin is also viscoelastic [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the fourth phase, a further stretching of the tissue results in a complete rupture of the collagen fibres and the tissue then starts to separate [12]. Shergold and Fleck as well as Bischoff et al used silicone rubber as a substitute model in some of their experiments, as this shows similar physical properties to human skin [13,14]. However, due to its heterogeneous structure and its complexity, the design of the skin is far more complex than that of silicone rubber, and even results from animal experiments can only be extrapolated to human skin with major reservations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed motion resection force analysis of 1 mm and 2 mm biopsy punches on tempered human cadaver skin use for the acquisition of full skin islets for skin transplantation

Ottomann¹,

Buntrock²,

Wiegel³

et al. 2017

IJBB

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Abstract:In this study we analysed the resection forces occurring when tempered human cadaver skin was punched with 1 mm and 2 mm biopsy punches as part of a project to develop a method for transplanting autologous whole skin on severely burned patients. The objective was to determine the force required to penetrate human skin with differently sized biopsy punches when resection was carried out by employing a simple forward motion without any rotation. To this end two different tests were performed with similar experimental setups. In the first test, the forces emanating from individual 1 mm and 2 mm biopsy punches were compared. For each punch size, 100 resection force curves were measured on four pieces of skin obtained from two donors. For the second test two bunch biopsy stamps were constructed, each of which contained a hundred punch biopsy cylinders. In one of the stamps the cylinders were all of the same length, while in the other they were all of a different length. It was also determined how many whole skin islets remained in the punches after the biopsy procedure, as well as the proportion of skin cylinders which could not be released from the original skin layer. The tests were performed using a Zwick material testing machine equipped with appropriate force sensors (i.e. load cells). The study revealed that the use of smaller diameter biopsy punches, as well as the use of punches with different length resection cylinders resulted in a reduction in the forces occurring upon resection. The measured resection forces were also so high that a combined forward and rotary movement of the punch proved more effective regarding the expenditure of force than a punching motion that merely involved a simple forward motion.

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“…In order to find a material with hyperelastic properties close to arterial tissues, aneurysms in vitro models made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are gaining popularity among the biomedical research community [6][7][8][9]. PDMS is a biomaterial known for its biocompatibility and low cost, which makes this material extremely popular in several biomedical applications, such as the development of biomedical microfluidic devices and organs-on-a-chip platforms [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Hyperelastic Behaviour in Aneurysm Models

2017

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Finite element modeling of human skin using an isotropic, nonlinear elastic constitutive model

Cited by 187 publications

References 22 publications

A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin

A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin

Feed motion resection force analysis of 1 mm and 2 mm biopsy punches on tempered human cadaver skin use for the acquisition of full skin islets for skin transplantation

Numerical Simulation of Hyperelastic Behaviour in Aneurysm Models

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