“…This is especially problematic, since metaheuristic optimization algorithms are computationally expensive due to their iterative model evaluation (Chopard and Tomassini, 2018). As a reference, Bruns et al (2019) performed 500 iterations for two updating parameters and 1,500 iterations for five updating parameters, while in Omenzetter and Turnbull (2018) the firefly optimization of two update parameters required 157 iterations until convergence and the virus optimization 5,000 iterations. Newer model updating techniques involve stochastic approaches such as a sensitivity-based method (Augustyn et al, 2020) or Bayesian optimization (Marwala et al, 2016).…”