Finite Element Analysis of Proposed Self-Locking Joint for Modular Steel Structures

Abstract

The intermodular connection between modules plays a vital role in the overall performance of modular structures. The separation between a column and connection is possible due to the absence of links (welding or bolting) since limited space is available between modules. This study proposed a self-locking joint to be used in a modular steel structure, connecting columns with a connection without need of extra space between modules. The behavior of the proposed connection subjected to monotonic load was evaluated using a finite element approach using ABAQUS software. The influencing factors contributed to the behavior of the self-locking connection and columns observed using a parametric study. The parametric study was conducted by varying beam thickness, bolt pretension force and friction coefficient µ. Results indicate that the proposed connection can be classified as a semirigid connection according to Eurocode 3 and special moment frame (SMF) as recommended by AISC.

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“…Joint typology BTB01 [97] Web-to-web cruciform plate BTB02 [98] Web-to-web and flange-to-flange connector plates BTB03 [99] Beam-to-beam connection steel plates BTB04 [34] Bolted intermediate tenon plate BTB05 [100] Web-to-web cruciform socket-shaped tenon BTB06 [101] Beam-to-beam connection with plug-in tenon device BTB07 [102] Beam-to-beam interpenetrating tenon devices BTB08 [103] Beam-to-beam cross-shaped plug-in connector BTB09 [61] Tenon-shaped plug-in adapter with spring pins and bolted beams BTB10 [104] Bolted vertical steel plates, gusset plate and bolted beams BTB11 [105] Plug-in tenon device with high-strength and blind bolts BTB12 [106] Bolted PFC double beam with interface interaction Park et al [97] proposed a configuration capable of engaging eight units by bolting the webs of beams to a cross-shaped plate installed at the interface between modules (BTB01). However, the functionality of this system is limited to modular framings with parallel flange channel (PFC) beams.…”

“…While Pang et al[34] (BTB04), Khan and Yan[102] (BTB07) and Bowron[104] (BTB10) introduced configurations where long bolts pass through the horizontal plates of the plugin devices, interconnecting all parts of the joint together, the joint studied by Chen et al[101] (BTB06) adopts a looser design with separate intermediate and cover plates. Additional horizontal blind bolts fixing the tubular columns to the plug-in tenons were added by Li[105] (BTB11), while Nadeem et al[61] introduced spring-activated pins on the tenons of the plug-in connector (BTB09), making the connection self-locking to some extent, as the joint still requires vertical high-strength bolts to properly connect the upper and lower modules. The IMC examined by Zhang et al[103] (BTB08) can be regarded as a combination of BTB05 and BTB06, with cross-shaped tenons in the plug-in connector and separate top and bottom cover plates fixing the channel beams of modules together.…”