“…Numerous numerical techniques exist for modeling elastic wave propagation, such as finite element method (Talbot and Przemieniecki, 1976;Zienkiewicz, 1989;Koshiba, Karakida, and Suzuki, 1984), finite strip elements (Cheung, 1976;Liu et al, 1995;Liu and Achenbach, 1995), boundary element method (Yamawaki and Saito, 1992;Cho and Rose, 1996), spectral element methods (Fornberg, 1998;Krawczuk and Ostachowicz, 2001), and local interaction simulation approach/sharp interface model (LISA/SIM) (Delsanto, 1992(Delsanto, , 1994(Delsanto, , 1997.…”