Abstract:The paper set out two techniques to model the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) end resistance, q c in a dense sand deposit using commercial finite element programmes. In the first approach, Plaxis was used to perform spherical cavity expansion analyses at multiple depths. Two soil models, namely; the MohrCoulomb (MC) and Hardening Soil (HS) models were utilized. When calibrated using simple laboratory element tests, the HS model was found to provide good estimates of q c . However, at shallow depths, where the over-consolidation ratio of the sand was highest, the relatively large horizontal stresses prevented the full development of the failure zone resulting in under-estimation of the q c value. The second approach involved direct simulation of cone penetration using a large-strain analysis implemented in Abaqus/Explicit. The Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique was used to prevent excessive mesh deformation. Although the Druker-Prager soil model used was not as sophisticated as the HS model, excellent agreement was achieved between the predicted and measured q c profiles.