Finite Element Analysis in Process Safety Applications

Chakrabarty, Arnab; Mannan, Sam; Çağın, Tahir

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396975-0.00005-x

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To simulate the radiant heat exposure that the firefighters face during fire activities, a cone calorimeter (Fire Testing Technology Ltd., East Grinstead, United Kingdom) (Figure 3a) was used. The cone calorimeter can provide constant amount of heat on a relatively small size sample (typically 10 cm by 10 cm) [36]. Therefore, the cone calorimeter is the most widely used instrument to study fire-related behavior of materials [37].…”

Section: Cone Calorimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Tensile Strength of the Fabrics Used in Firefighters’ Bunker Gear under Radiant Heat Exposure

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More than 60,000 firefighters’ injuries were reported by the National Fire Protection Association in the U.S. in 2019. Inadequate protection by bunker gear could be a reason for most of the injuries. Firefighters repeatedly encounter thermal hazards due to their job responsibilities. Degradation could occur on bunker gear fabric during thermal exposure. It has been found that the presence of moisture affects performance as well, which may come from wearers’ sweat. Proper evaluation of the tensile strength of the fabrics used in bunker gear could provide information essential for maintenance the overall integrity of the gear. An evaluation of the tensile strength of fabrics when exposed to 10, 15, and 20 kW/m2 radiant heat flux in the presence of moisture is reported. In each fabric system, a total of sixty-four different samples were prepared for four different types of fabric and four levels of moisture which were exposed to three different radiant heat flux for five minutes. Heat flux and moisture levels have significant impact on tensile strength. The effect of moisture on tensile strength in a three-layered fabric system is higher than that for a single layer fabric. An understanding of the impact of heat and moisture on fabric strength has been achieved.

show abstract

Section: Cone Calorimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Tensile Strength of the Fabrics Used in Firefighters’ Bunker Gear under Radiant Heat Exposure

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A cone calorimeter is a device used for predicting real-time fire behavior. According to the percentage of oxygen consumed during combustion, it can simultaneously collect information on thermodynamics and kinetics processes of combustion with a fixed ignition source, which includes total heat release (THR), maximum heat release rate (MHRR), time to ignition (TTI), and SET parameters. − Although cone calorimetry has been applied to investigate the fire hazards of some multicomponent carbonate electrolytes, the test conditions vary significantly within the literature, making it difficult to make a reliable comparison among electrolytes. In addition, there is still a lack of comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the factors influencing the combustion parameters from a thermochemical perspective. − To fill in the blanks, we investigate the flammability of electrolytes composed of eight types of commonly used single solvents in this work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking the Safety Performance of Organic Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries: A Thermochemical Perspective

Yang

Xie

et al. 2023

ACS Energy Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Developing nonflammable organic electrolytes has been regarded as one of the most valuable strategies for tackling the safety issues of rechargeable lithium batteries. However, a quantitative and precise evaluation of electrolyte safety remains challenging mostly because of the inconsistent measurement conditions and the lack of a basic reference system. In this work, we performed a benchmark study on the safety of organic electrolytes by characterizing with cone calorimetry the thermochemistry of various types of single-solvent electrolytes. An intrinsically safe organic electrolyte should show simultaneous low total heat release, low maximum heat release rate, long time to ignition, and short self-extinguishing time. Experimentally, a “cocktail” therapy combining polyfluorinated solvents and high-boiling point solvents is found to be the optimal choice for composing nonflammable electrolytes. Our results help to identify promising electrolyte components and shed light on the reasonable design of high-safety organic electrolytes for advanced rechargeable batteries.

show abstract

“…Finite element method is a numerical method that solves partial differential equations in a few space variables and is useful in predicting stresses and structural responses [153]. Computational modelling allows simulation and the study of complex systems, which, in the case of the shape setting at the programming stage, has multiple variables leading to multiple physical fields [154].…”

Section: Shape Morphing Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, another modelling method, Multiphysics FEM, is also suggested in this chapter. Multiphysics is able to study the structural responses in complex systems [153], making it ideal for studying the programming stage and also to predict the programming deformation of the bilayer composite due to multiple space variables. By utilising a more accurate material model, the simulation results obtained may provide better precision in the prediction and control in the shape morphing.…”

Section: 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible 4D-printing of shape memory polymers using heat and ethanol swelling

Lee¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The advancements in smart materials have boosted additive manufacturing into a new form of printing known as 4D printing. 4D printing provides the means to create a dynamic structure for self-actuating devices fabricated by additive manufacturing techniques. Most existing 4D printing processes are only capable of one-way shape morphing using a single mechanism for stimulation. With increasing improvements in design and using multiple stimuli, reversible 4D printing has been proven to be feasible. This technology would eliminate the need for human interference, as the programming is driven by external stimuli, which allows 4D-printed parts to be actuated in multiple cycles.To combat the lack of reversibility in 4D-printing, this study introduces a new swelling, and the heat-driven reversible 4D-printing process developed to achieve contactless programming and recovery. The forward shape setting programming is realised by asymmetric swelling using ethanol and heating. The shape recovery is

show abstract

Finite Element Analysis in Process Safety Applications

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Characterizing the Tensile Strength of the Fabrics Used in Firefighters’ Bunker Gear under Radiant Heat Exposure

Characterizing the Tensile Strength of the Fabrics Used in Firefighters’ Bunker Gear under Radiant Heat Exposure

Benchmarking the Safety Performance of Organic Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries: A Thermochemical Perspective

Reversible 4D-printing of shape memory polymers using heat and ethanol swelling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About