Finite element analysis-A biomechanical tool in orthodontics

Abstract

In orthodontic research, the finite element method (FEM) has been widely used as an engineering resource for calculating the stress and deformation of complex structures. Applying the FEM can predict the graphic representation of these tissue responses through the observation of areas of stress created by applied orthodontic mechanics. This method has the advantage of being non-invasive, accurate, and providing quantitative and detailed data on the physiological reactions possible to occur in tissues. The purpose of this article is to review and discuss the steps involved in applying the concept of finite elements and how they can be used in orthodontics. The stress distribution at the interface between the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament, as well as the shifting trend in different tooth movement types while employing different kinds of orthodontic devices, may both be assessed using FEM. For this reason, expertise with certain software is required. Despite the drawbacks of other experimental techniques, FEM is a crucial technique for addressing inquiries regarding tooth movement.