Finite-difference time-domain modeling of multi-stage soil ionization with residual resistivities—Part I: Theoretical background and the proposed FDTD formulation

Oliveira, R. M.; Fujiyoshi, Daiyuki M.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106300

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…Ala [26] and Otani [27] applied the Liew's soil ionisation model into FDTD to analyse surge responses of grounding electrodes. Oliveira applied the extended Liew's model into FDTD [28], considering the boundary of discharge zone and residual resistivity of ionised soil [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil impulse ionisation model based on dynamic changes of electric field

Wen

Chun

Tong

et al. 2022

IET Science Measure & Tech

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Soil ionisation has an important influence on impulse characteristics of grounding conductor. This paper introduced improvements to an existing soil ionisation model considering the influence of electric field on the change of soil resistivity, while soil resistivity is not directly dependent on soil electric field. The validity of improved soil ionisation model was verified by surge response of vertical conductor in uniform soil and horizontally stratified soil. Furthermore, the impulse experiment was carried out on horizontal conductor in soil with finite volumes. Based on experimental configuration, the corresponding calculation model was built, and calculated results were in good agreement with experimental results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil impulse ionisation model based on dynamic changes of electric field

Wen

Chun

Tong

et al. 2022

IET Science Measure & Tech

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Transient analysis of earthing electrodes considering soil ionization phenomenon under lightning impulse condition

Sengar,

Chandrasekaran

2023

Electr Eng

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This paper presents the transient behavior of an earthing system under the influence of lightning current injected in to it. Vertical rod and horizontal electrode buried in homogeneous soil are considered in this analysis. Statespace representation based transmission line methodology is adopted with non-linear parameters for modelling the earthing electrodes in the time domain. Soil ionization phenomenon is taken up with the presence of residual resistivity. In this method, soil resistivity variation is adopted to evaluate the soil ionization phenomenon that occurs due to changes in the electric field. This study incorporates mutual coupling between the electrode segments for low and high soil resistivity. Earthing electrodes are subjected to a high-magnitude of lightning current impulse with different peaks. Transient voltage and impulse impedance are calculated to analyse the transient behaviour of earthing electrodes with soil ionization. Impulse impedance of vertical earthing rods and horizontal electrodes are calculated and compared with the power frequency impedance. Percentage ohmic reduction between them is also reported. The influences of critical electric field, soil resistivity and lightning magnitude on transient performance of earthing electrodes are calculated. Also, an effect of the front time of lightning current impulse for a fixed peak on the impedance of the earthing electrode is evaluated and a significant amount of changes are observed. Simulated results are validated with the experimental and theoretical results reported in the literature, and good agreements are found.

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Overview of Transient Simulations of Grounding Systems under Surge Conditions

Kisielewicz

Cuenca

2022

Energies

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The present paper gives an overview of modelling methods of standard grounding systems under surge conditions, using the non-uniform transmission line approach. The model presented considers the soil ionization and the frequency dependence of the soil parameters during the current transients. Furthermore, the representation of the non-linear response of the soil is made using a shunt time-variable resistance to simulate the behavior of the grounding resistance when a surge current flows through the system. The model development and analysis are made using ATP-EMTP/ATPDraw transient software.

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Finite-difference time-domain modeling of multi-stage soil ionization with residual resistivities—Part I: Theoretical background and the proposed FDTD formulation

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Soil impulse ionisation model based on dynamic changes of electric field

Soil impulse ionisation model based on dynamic changes of electric field

Transient analysis of earthing electrodes considering soil ionization phenomenon under lightning impulse condition

Overview of Transient Simulations of Grounding Systems under Surge Conditions

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