Finite-difference time-domain analysis of ELF radio wave propagation in the spherical Earth–ionosphere waveguide  and its validation based on analytical solutions

Marchenko, Volodymyr; Kułak, Andrzej; Młynarczyk, Janusz

doi:10.5194/angeo-40-395-2022

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sum of the (Nickolaenko et al, 2004) model magnetic field amplitudes from all WWLLN detected strokes is compared in Figure 10 with the ground based magnetic field measurements at the Patagonia site of the World ELF Radiolocation Array (WERA). WERA is described by Mlynarczyk et al, 2017, see also (Kulak et al, 2012;Kulak & Mlynarczyk, 2011;Marchenko et al, 2022). The 10 WWLLN strokes produce seven resolved pulses seen in Figure 10f in the time domain and in Figure 10e as a scalogram.…”

Section: A Distinctive Lightning Flashmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Population of Slow Magnetosonic Waves and a Method for the Observation of the Roots of Plasma Bubbles in the Lower Ionosphere

Bennett

2023

JGR Space Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mean global rate of lightning is 60 flashes/s (Burgesser, 2017) and is concentrated most strongly in the mid-latitude continental regions. The high global rate of lightning strokes, together with the low attenuation at low frequencies leads to the establishment of standing wave resonances within the Earth Ionospheric Waveguide (EIWG). Within the EIWG, the wave attenuation in the frequency range below 100 Hz is roughly 0.5 dB/Mm according to (Chapman et al., 1966), so that such low frequency waves may travel several times around the globe before losing most of their energy. The propagation of electromagnetic waves in the EIWG is discussed most extensively by Nickolaenko and Hayakawa (2002), see also (Budden, 1957;Jackson, 1975;Schumann, 1952). The resonances of the EIWG are known as the Schumann resonances (SRs). The transient vertical electric and horizontal magnetic fields at great distances from an individual strong lightning stroke, designated Q-bursts by Ogawa et al. (1967), appear as bipolar pulses in the time domain according to Nickolaenko et al. (2004), comprising a series of diminishing intensity delayed pulses corresponding to multiple Earth circuits.If the EIWG was a lossless, perfectly spherical cavity, the SR eigenfrequencies would bewhere R e is the Earth's radius, c is the speed of light, and n is the number of the eigenmode. In the actual EIWG, the frequencies of the lowest eigenmodes are only slightly lower than the values given by Equation 1, with observed values for the five lowest eigenmodes of 7.8, 14.1, 20.3, 26.3, and 32.5 Hz as listed in table 1 of Chapman et al. (1966). The corresponding quality factor Q values are 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, and 6 for these resonances. Q values for a resonance at a given frequency are commonly defined as the ratio of the resonance frequency to

show abstract

Section: A Distinctive Lightning Flashmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Population of Slow Magnetosonic Waves and a Method for the Observation of the Roots of Plasma Bubbles in the Lower Ionosphere

Bennett

2023

JGR Space Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…with the ground based measured magnetic fields at the Patagonia site of the World ELF Radiolocation Array (WERA). WERA is described byMlynarczyk et al 2017, see also(Kulak & Mlynarczyk 2011;Kulak et al 2012;Marchenko et al 2022). The 10 WWLLN strokes produce 7 resolved pulses seen in Figure10fin the time domain and in 10e as a scalogram.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Population of Slow Magnetosonic Waves and a Method for the Observation of the Roots of Plasma Bubbles in the Lower Ionosphere

Bennett

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using data from the Van Allen Probe and Swarm-Bravo satellites, evidence for a persistent population of slow magnetosonic waves in the ionosphere is presented. Dispersion relations from two-fluid analyses of waves in warm plasma are used to interpret and explicate these observations. These waves appear to be continuously present and globally distributed. Their amplitudes systematically decrease with increasing altitude. The amplitudes are also correlated with longitude in a manner consistent with the global distribution of lightning strikes. Evidence for narrow resonances in the Swarm data consistent with doppler shifted Schumann resonance frequencies is presented. In addition, nearly dispersionless fast magnetosonic waves are sometimes also seen. A new method for the analysis of these waves suggests they show the existence of “foamy” plasma bubble “roots” at the base of the ionosphere.

show abstract

A 3D TLM code for the study of the ELF electromagnetic wave propagation in the Earth's atmosphere

Salinas,

Portí,

Navarro

et al. 2024

Computers & Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Finite-difference time-domain analysis of ELF radio wave propagation in the spherical Earth–ionosphere waveguide and its validation based on analytical solutions

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

A Novel Population of Slow Magnetosonic Waves and a Method for the Observation of the Roots of Plasma Bubbles in the Lower Ionosphere

A Novel Population of Slow Magnetosonic Waves and a Method for the Observation of the Roots of Plasma Bubbles in the Lower Ionosphere

A Novel Population of Slow Magnetosonic Waves and a Method for the Observation of the Roots of Plasma Bubbles in the Lower Ionosphere

A 3D TLM code for the study of the ELF electromagnetic wave propagation in the Earth's atmosphere

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About