Fingerprinting of Hydrocarbon Fuel Contaminants: Literature Review

Alimi, Hossein; Ertel, Thomas; Schug, Bettina

doi:10.1080/15275920303489

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Unsubstituted 4-to 6-ring PAHs are indicative of pyrogenic sources, and alkylated PAHs and heterocyclic dibenzothiophenes are used as environmental fate indicators and source-specific markers for petrogenic contaminants (Almi et al 2003). The results from the SPMDs (detections and concentrations) are representative of the time of deployment only; therefore, how representative this particular window of time is to the range of stream conditions is unknown.…”

Section: Discussion-patterns In Response To Urbanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of hydrophobic organics and potential toxicity in streams to urbanization of watersheds in six metropolitan areas of the United States

Bryant

Goodbred

2008

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were deployed in streams along a gradient of urban land-use intensity in and around six metropolitan areas: Atlanta, Georgia; Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina; and Denver-Fort Collins, Colorado, in 2003; and Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas; Milwaukee-Green Bay, Wisconsin; and Portland, Oregon, in 2004 to examine relations between percent urban land cover in watersheds and the occurrence, concentrations, and potential toxicity of hydrophobic compounds. Of the 142 endpoints measured in SPMD dialysates, 30 were significantly (alpha = 0.05) related to the percent of urban land cover in the watersheds in at least one metropolitan area. These 30 endpoints included the aggregated measures of the total number of compounds detected and relative toxicity (Microtox(R) and P450RGS assays), in addition to the concentrations of 27 individual hydrophobic compounds. The number of compounds detected, P450RGS assay values, and the concentrations of pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were significantly related to percent urban land cover in all six metropolitan areas. Pentachloroanisole, the most frequently detected compound, was significantly related to urban land cover in all metropolitan areas except Dallas-Fort Worth. Petrogenic PAHs and dibenzofurans were positively related to percent urban land cover in Atlanta, Raleigh-Durham, Denver, and Milwaukee-Green Bay. Results for other endpoints were much more variable. The number of endpoints significantly related to urban land cover ranged from 6 in Portland to 21 Raleigh-Durham. Based on differences in the number and suite of endpoints related to urban intensity, these results provide evidence of differences in factors governing source strength, transport, and/or fate of hydrophobic compounds in the six metropolitan areas studied. The most consistent and significant results were that bioavailable, aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists increase in streams as basins become urbanized. Potential toxicity mediated by this metabolic pathway is indicated as an important factor in the response of aquatic biota to urbanization.

show abstract

Section: Discussion-patterns In Response To Urbanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of hydrophobic organics and potential toxicity in streams to urbanization of watersheds in six metropolitan areas of the United States

Bryant

Goodbred

2008

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, as oil weathers the concentration of total aqueous PAH required to cause adverse effects is lowered, because of proportionate increases of Delta is a surrogate estimate of microbial growth. Increases in branched alkane concentrations (pristane and phytane) relative to similarly sized straight chain alkanes can be interpreted as evidence of microbial growth (Alimi et al 2003) and this relationship can be exploited to infer microbial growth in oiled rock columns. Relative changes (all normalized to total alkane concentration) can be summarized as follows:…”

Section: Toxicity Of Pah Mixtures Per Unit Mass Increases With Weathementioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective on the Toxicity of Petrogenic PAHs to Developing Fish Embryos Related to Environmental Chemistry

Carls

Meador

2009

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous studies demonstrate polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) dissolved from weathered crude oil adversely affect fish embryos at 0.5 to 23 µg/l. This conclusion has been challenged by studies that claim (1) much lower toxicity of weathered aqueous PAHs; (2) direct contact with dispersed oil droplets plays a significant role or is required for toxicity; (3) that uncontrolled factors (oxygen, ammonia, and sulfides) contribute substantively to toxicity; (4) polar compounds produced by microbial metabolism are the major cause of observed toxicity; and (5) that based on equilibrium models and toxic potential, water contaminated with weathered oil cannot be more toxic per unit mass than effluent contaminated with fresh oil. In contrast, several studies demonstrate high toxicity of weathered oil; shifts in PAH composition were consistent with dissolution (not particle ablation), embryos accumulated dissolved PAHs at low concentrations and were damaged, and assumed confounding factors were inconsequential. Consistent with previous empirical observations of mortality and weathering, temporal shifts in PAH composition (oil weathering) indicate that PAHs dissolved in water should (and do) become more toxic per unit mass with weathering because high molecular weight PAHs are more persistent and toxic than the more abundant low molecular weight PAHs in whole oil.

show abstract

“…The methods used in this study have been summarized elsewhere (Alimi et al, 2003;Kaplan, 2003); however, those used in this investigation are described briefly to provide the basis for source/plume differentiation.…”

Section: Forensic Geochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alykylated PAH homologues have differing degrees of resistance to weathering (Alimi et al, 2003), but their relative longevity compared to monoaromatic ring compounds and alkanes make them useful in distinguishing sources among heavier end hydrocarbons, and refined from unrefined products (Khalili et al, 1995). This class of compounds has been used to source PAHs in sediment (Stout et al, 2001a) and to characterize different petrogenic components of the Exxon Valdez spill (Wang and Fingas, 1995).…”

Section: Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Use of Geochemical Forensics to Determine Release Eras of Petrochemicals to Groundwater, Whitehorse, Yukon

Davis¹,

Howe²,

Nicholson³

et al. 2005

Environmental Forensics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

At sites where petrochemical releases have occurred comparatively recently (i.e., over the last 20 years), explicit age-dating is a viable approach. However, differentiating among multiparty contamination at sites with several decades of history may mandate a different allocation strategy, especially when there is an uncoordinated body of environmental data. At a location where a refinery operated for 11 months during World War II, and which has been used as a fuel distribution terminal over the ensuing 60 years, regulatory interest was triggered in 1997 when a sheen was detected discharging into the adjacent Yukon River. Our investigation combined disparate forensic tools with data visualization software to establish the sources and extent of nine distinct groundwater plumes/product areas and to estimate their periods of release.Plumes were spatially identified based on solute distribution. Earliest Demonstrable Inception Date (EDID) and Latest Possible Initiation Date (LPID) were determined based on petrochemical additives: lead and its derivatives (MTEL, TEL, and TML); MTBE, TAME, and MMT; isotopic ( 13 C/ 12 C) and n-C 17 :pristane ratios; SIM DIS curves; and aerial photography. Of these, aerial photography and additive history proved the best attribution methods to identify the EDID/LPID. This approach appears to be a useful tool when there is a long history of releases, but caution is necessary in interpreting potentially mixed plumes from different eras.

show abstract

Fingerprinting of Hydrocarbon Fuel Contaminants: Literature Review

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

The response of hydrophobic organics and potential toxicity in streams to urbanization of watersheds in six metropolitan areas of the United States

The response of hydrophobic organics and potential toxicity in streams to urbanization of watersheds in six metropolitan areas of the United States

A Perspective on the Toxicity of Petrogenic PAHs to Developing Fish Embryos Related to Environmental Chemistry

Use of Geochemical Forensics to Determine Release Eras of Petrochemicals to Groundwater, Whitehorse, Yukon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About